Network pharmacology reveals the multiple mechanisms of Xiaochaihu decoction in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Background

Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is a chronic disease worldwide, which poses a huge threat to human health. Xiaochaihu decoction is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription. It has been proven effective in treating NAFLD but its mechanism is still unclear.

Objective

Multiple mechanisms of Xiaochaihu decoction are explored by identifying and connecting potential targets and active ingredients in the treatment of NAFLD.

Methods

Active ingredients and related targets of seven herbs were collected from TCMSP database. The related targets of NAFLD were obtained from Genes cards database, TDD and OMIM database. The intersected targets of disease targets and drug targets were input into STRING database to construct protein-protein interaction network. DAVID database was used for GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis.

Results

After screening and removal of duplicates, a total of 145 active ingredients and 105 potential targets were obtained. PPI network manifested that AKT1, IL6, JUN MAPK8 and STAT3 were the key target proteins. The results of GO enrichment analysis mainly involved cytokine receptor binding, cytokine activity, and heme binding. The results of KEGG analysis suggested that the mechanism mainly involved in AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, Hepatitis C, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis. The signaling pathways were further integrated as network manner, including AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, Insulin resistance, HIF-1 signaling pathway, Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17 signaling pathway. The network contained immunity regulation, metabolism regulation and oxidative stress regulation.

Conclusion

Xiaochaihu decoction plays a key role in the treatment of NAFLD with multiple targets and pathways. Immunity regulation, metabolism regulation and oxidative stress regulation consist of the crucial regulation cores in mechanism.

Graphical abstract

Design and workflow of this study

Related collections

Most cited references 31

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Adaptive immunity: an emerging player in the progression of NAFLD

Salvatore Sutti, Emanuele Albano (2019)

In the past decade, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a leading cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, as well as an important risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD encompasses a spectrum of liver lesions, including simple steatosis, steatohepatitis and fibrosis. Although steatosis is often harmless, the lobular inflammation that characterizes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is considered a driving force in the progression of NAFLD. The current view is that innate immune mechanisms represent a key element in supporting hepatic inflammation in NASH. However, increasing evidence points to the role of adaptive immunity as an additional factor promoting liver inflammation. This Review discusses data regarding the role of B cells and T cells in sustaining the progression of NASH to fibrosis and HCC, along with the findings that antigens originating from oxidative stress act as a trigger for immune responses. We also highlight the mechanisms affecting liver immune tolerance in the setting of steatohepatitis that favour lymphocyte activation. Finally, we analyse emerging evidence concerning the possible application of immune modulating treatments in NASH therapy.

0 comments Cited 142 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Is Open Access

From NAFLD in clinical practice to answers from guidelines.

P Loria, Fabio Nascimbeni, Vlad Ratziu … (2013)

This review of the literature consists of three sections. First, papers concerning non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) awareness among the general population, general practitioners, and liver and non-liver specialists were retrieved and analyzed to highlight the perception of disease, verify knowledge of current recommendations, and identify the main difficulties experienced in clinical practice. Next, position papers and clinical practice guidelines issued by International and National Hepatological Scientific Societies were identified and critically assessed in order to pinpoint the areas of convergence/difference. Finally, practical suggestions on NAFLD diagnosis and management in daily practice are provided and the open questions highlighted. Copyright © 2013 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

0 comments Cited 133 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: found

Is Open Access

DAVID Knowledgebase: a gene-centered database integrating heterogeneous gene annotation resources to facilitate high-throughput gene functional analysis

Brad T. Sherman, Da-Wei Huang, Qina Tan … (2007)

Background Due to the complex and distributed nature of biological research, our current biological knowledge is spread over many redundant annotation databases maintained by many independent groups. Analysts usually need to visit many of these bioinformatics databases in order to integrate comprehensive annotation information for their genes, which becomes one of the bottlenecks, particularly for the analytic task associated with a large gene list. Thus, a highly centralized and ready-to-use gene-annotation knowledgebase is in demand for high throughput gene functional analysis. Description The DAVID Knowledgebase is built around the DAVID Gene Concept, a single-linkage method to agglomerate tens of millions of gene/protein identifiers from a variety of public genomic resources into DAVID gene clusters. The grouping of such identifiers improves the cross-reference capability, particularly across NCBI and UniProt systems, enabling more than 40 publicly available functional annotation sources to be comprehensively integrated and centralized by the DAVID gene clusters. The simple, pair-wise, text format files which make up the DAVID Knowledgebase are freely downloadable for various data analysis uses. In addition, a well organized web interface allows users to query different types of heterogeneous annotations in a high-throughput manner. Conclusion The DAVID Knowledgebase is designed to facilitate high throughput gene functional analysis. For a given gene list, it not only provides the quick accessibility to a wide range of heterogeneous annotation data in a centralized location, but also enriches the level of biological information for an individual gene. Moreover, the entire DAVID Knowledgebase is freely downloadable or searchable at .

0 comments Cited 80 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Xiao Ma: tobymaxiao@163.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): BioData Min

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BioData Min

Title: BioData Mining

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1756-0381

Publication date (Electronic): 27 August 2020

Publication date PMC-release: 27 August 2020

Publication date Collection: 2020

Volume: 13

Electronic Location Identifier: 11

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.411304.3, ISNI 0000 0001 0376 205X, School of Pharmacy, , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ; Chengdu, 611137 China

[2 ]GRID grid.414252.4, ISNI 0000 0004 1761 8894, Department of Pharmacy, , Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, ; Beijing, 100039 China

[3 ]GRID grid.411304.3, ISNI 0000 0001 0376 205X, School of Clinical Medicine, , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ; Chengdu, 611137 China

Author information

Qichao Hu http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1646-3347

Article

Publisher ID: 224

DOI: 10.1186/s13040-020-00224-9

PMC ID: 7450930

PubMed ID: 32863886

SO-VID: 1af6b038-c09f-4570-90e5-73680f5930c9

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 14 May 2020

Date accepted : 14 August 2020

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Bioinformatics & Computational biology

Keywords: network pharmacology,nafld,xiaochaihu decoction,immunity regulation,metabolism regulation,oxidative stress regulation

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Bioinformatics & Computational biology

Keywords: network pharmacology, nafld, xiaochaihu decoction, immunity regulation, metabolism regulation, oxidative stress regulation

Network pharmacology reveals the multiple mechanisms of Xiaochaihu decoction in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Read this article at

Abstract

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Graphical abstract

Related collections

Network and Systems Medicine

Most cited references 31

Adaptive immunity: an emerging player in the progression of NAFLD

From NAFLD in clinical practice to answers from guidelines.

DAVID Knowledgebase: a gene-centered database integrating heterogeneous gene annotation resources to facilitate high-throughput gene functional analysis

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Author information

Article

History

Categories

Custom metadata

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 377

Cited by 16

Most referenced authors 742