First record of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus in the state of Amapá, northern Brazil

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Abstract

ABSTRACT We report the first record of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in the state of Amapá, northern Brazil. Two female specimens were collected from a Shannon trap in the locality of Ilha de Santana, municipality of Santana, Amapá. The occurrence of the species was confirmed with the installation of ten ovitraps. Aedes albopictus is a species of epidemiological importance for the transmission of arboviruses. Amapá was one of two Brazilian states without any record of this species.

Translated abstract

RESUMO Relatamos o primeiro registro de Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) no Estado do Amapá, no norte do Brasil. Dois espécimes foram coletados em uma armadilha de Shannon na localidade de “Ilha de Santana”, município de Santana, no Amapá. O registro foi confirmado com a instalação de dez ovitrampas. Aedes albopictus é uma espécie com importância epidemiológica na transmissão de arboviroses. O Amapá era um de dois estados brasileiros sem registro dessa espécie.

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Critical review of the vector status of Aedes albopictus.

N G Gratz (2004)

The mosquito Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), originally indigenous to South-east Asia, islands of the Western Pacific and Indian Ocean, has spread during recent decades to Africa, the mid-east, Europe and the Americas (north and south) after extending its range eastwards across Pacific islands during the early 20th century. The majority of introductions are apparently due to transportation of dormant eggs in tyres. Among public health authorities in the newly infested countries and those threatened with the introduction, there has been much concern that Ae. albopictus would lead to serious outbreaks of arbovirus diseases (Ae. albopictus is a competent vector for at least 22 arboviruses), notably dengue (all four serotypes) more commonly transmitted by Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.). Results of many laboratory studies have shown that many arboviruses are readily transmitted by Ae. albopictus to laboratory animals and birds, and have frequently been isolated from wild-caught mosquitoes of this species, particularly in the Americas. As Ae. albopictus continues to spread, displacing Ae. aegypti in some areas, and is anthropophilic throughout its range, it is important to review the literature and attempt to predict whether the medical risks are as great as have been expressed in scientific journals and the popular press. Examination of the extensive literature indicates that Ae. albopictus probably serves as a maintenance vector of dengue in rural areas of dengue-endemic countries of South-east Asia and Pacific islands. Also Ae. albopictus transmits dog heartworm Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy) (Spirurida: Onchocercidae) in South-east Asia, south-eastern U.S.A. and both D. immitis and Dirofilaria repens (Raillet & Henry) in Italy. Despite the frequent isolation of dengue viruses from wild-caught mosquitoes, there is no evidence that Ae. albopictus is an important urban vector of dengue, except in a limited number of countries where Ae. aegypti is absent, i.e. parts of China, the Seychelles, historically in Japan and most recently in Hawaii. Further research is needed on the dynamics of the interaction between Ae. albopictus and other Stegomyia species. Surveillance must also be maintained on the vectorial role of Ae. albopictus in countries endemic for dengue and other arboviruses (e.g. Chikungunya, EEE, Ross River, WNV, LaCrosse and other California group viruses), for which it would be competent and ecologically suited to serve as a bridge vector.

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Precipitation and temperature effects on populations of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae): implications for range expansion.

S Juliano, W Alto (2001)

We investigated how temperature and precipitation regime encountered over the life cycle of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) affects populations. Caged populations of A. albopictus were maintained at 22, 26, and 30 degrees C. Cages were equipped with containers that served as sites for oviposition and larval development. All cages were assigned to one of three simulated precipitation regimes: (1) low fluctuation regime - water within the containers was allowed to evaporate to 90% of its maximum before being refilled, (2) high fluctuation regime - water was allowed to evaporate to 25% of its maximum before being refilled, and (3) drying regime - water was allowed to evaporate to complete container dryness before being refilled. Greater temperature and the absence of drying resulted in greater production of adults. Greater temperature in combination with drying were detrimental to adult production. These precipitation effects on adult production were absent at 22 degrees C. Greater temperatures and drying treatments yielded higher and lower eclosion rates, respectively and, both yielded greater mortality. Development time and size of adults decreased with increased temperatures, and drying produced larger adults. Greater temperatures resulted in greater egg mortality. These results suggest that populations occurring in warmer regions are likely to produce more adults as long as containers do not dry completely. Populations in cooler regions are likely to produce fewer adults with the variability of precipitation contributing less to variation in adult production. Predicted climate change in North America is likely to extend the northern distribution of A. albopictus and to limit further its establishment in arid regions.

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Updating the geographical distribution and frequency of Aedes albopictus in Brazil with remarks regarding its range in the Americas

Roberta Carvalho, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Ima Aparecida Braga (2014)

The geographical distribution of Aedes albopictus in Brazil was updated according to the data recorded across the country over the last eight years. Countrywide house indexes (HI) for Ae. albopictus in urban and suburban areas were described for the first time using a sample of Brazilian municipalities. This mosquito is currently present in at least 59% of the Brazilian municipalities and in 24 of the 27 federal units (i.e., 26 states and the Federal District). In 34 Brazilian municipalities, the HI values for Ae. albopictus were higher than those recorded for Ae. aegypti, reaching figures as high as HI = 7.72 in the Southeast Region. Remarks regarding the current range of this mosquito species in the Americas are also presented. Nineteen American countries are currently infested and few mainland American countries have not confirmed the occurrence of Ae. albopictus. The large distribution and high frequency of Ae. albopictus in the Americas may become a critical factor in the spread of arboviruses like chikungunya in the new world.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Jose Ferreira SARAIVA: Role: ND

Ahana MAITRA: Role: ND

Allan Kardec Ribeiro GALARDO: Role: ND

Vera Margarete SCARPASSA: Role: ND

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): aa

Title: Acta Amazonica

Abbreviated Title: Acta Amaz.

Publisher: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (Manaus, AM, Brazil )

ISSN (Print): 0044-5967

ISSN (Electronic): 1809-4392

Publication date (Print and electronic): March 2019

Volume: 49

Issue: 1

Pages: 71-74

Affiliations

[1] Manaus Amazonas orgnameInstituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia orgdiv1Coordenação de Biodiversidade - COBIO orgdiv2Laboratório de Genética de Populações e Evolução de Mosquitos Vetores de Dengue e Malária Brazil

[2] Macapá Amapá orgnameInstituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá orgdiv1Laboratório de Entomologia Médica orgdiv2Núcleo de Biodiversidade Brazil

Article

Publisher ID: S0044-59672019000100071

DOI: 10.1590/1809-4392201802771

SO-VID: 1b31469b-3b13-4c7b-91dd-a01f96c74275

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

History

Date received : 17 July 2018

Date accepted : 15 October 2018

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Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 4

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First record of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus in the state of Amapá, northern Brazil Translated title: Primeiro registro de Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus no Estado do Amapá, Brasil

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Most cited references 17

Critical review of the vector status of Aedes albopictus.

Precipitation and temperature effects on populations of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae): implications for range expansion.

Updating the geographical distribution and frequency of Aedes albopictus in Brazil with remarks regarding its range in the Americas

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