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      The Influence of Incentive-Based Mobile Fitness Apps on Users’ Continuance Intention With Gender Moderation Effects: Quantitative and Qualitative Study

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          Abstract

          Background

          A survey conducted by McKinsey & Company reported that, as of May 2022, as many as 26% of Indonesians had recently started to engage actively in physical activity, 32% undertook regular physical activity, and 9% exercised intensely. The Fourth Industrial Revolution has spurred the rapid development of mobile fitness apps (MFAs) used to track people’s sports activities. However, public interest in using these apps for any length of time is still relatively low.

          Objective

          In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of incentives (eg, self-monitoring, social support, platform rewards, and external influence) on the use of MFAs and the moderating effect of gender on users’ continuance usage intention.

          Methods

          The study used a mixed methods approach. Quantitative data were collected through a web-based questionnaire and qualitative data from interviews with 30 respondents. The quantitative data, collected from 379 valid responses, were processed using covariance-based structural equation modeling. The qualitative data were processed using thematic analysis. The MFAs included in this research were those used as sports or physical activity trackers, such as Apple Fitness, Strava, Nike Run Club, and Fita.

          Results

          The results of the data analysis show that 3 groups of incentives, namely, self-monitoring, platform rewards, and external influence (with the exception of social support), affect the perceived usefulness of these apps. Gender was also shown to moderate user behavior in relation to physical activity. The study showed that women were more likely to be motivated to exercise by social and external factors, while men paid greater attention to the tracking features of the app and to challenges and rewards.

          Conclusions

          This research contributes to the field of health promotion by providing guidance for MFA developers.

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          Most cited references83

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          User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models

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            Consumer Acceptance and Use of Information Technology: Extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                JMIR Hum Factors
                JMIR Hum Factors
                JMIR Human Factors
                JMIR Human Factors
                JMIR Publications (Toronto, Canada )
                2292-9495
                2024
                5 June 2024
                : 11
                : e50957
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Faculty of Computer Science, University of Indonesia Depok Indonesia
                Author notes
                Corresponding Author: Putu Wuri Handayani Putu.wuri@ 123456cs.ui.ac.id
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2009-7159
                https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4223-6317
                https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4773-5711
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5341-3800
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7420-0396
                Article
                v11i1e50957
                10.2196/50957
                11187517
                38837199
                1bcec84d-36c3-463f-b899-4631986a1d9c
                ©Aaya Faizah, Alifah Fatimah Azzahra Hardian, Rania Devina Nandini, Putu Wuri Handayani, Nabila Cyldea Harahap. Originally published in JMIR Human Factors (https://humanfactors.jmir.org), 05.06.2024.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Human Factors, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://humanfactors.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

                History
                : 18 July 2023
                : 27 January 2024
                : 5 February 2024
                : 29 April 2024
                Categories
                Original Paper
                Original Paper

                incentive,fitness,mobile fitness apps,gender,continuance usage intention,indonesia,mobile phone

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