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      Delayed Age-Associated Decrease in Growth Hormone Pulsatile Secretion and Increased Orexigenic Peptide Expression in the Lou C/Jall Rat

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          Abstract

          Since modifications in the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 (GH/IGF-1) axis and/or caloric restriction are involved in the ageing process, GH secretory profiles, total IGF-1, ghrelin, and leptin plasma levels and expression of genes implicated in somatotrope axis and food intake regulation in hypothalamus and pituitary were compared in 3-, 12-, and 24-month-old male Lou C/Jall rats and their parent strain, the Wistar rats. The Lou C/Jall strain may appear as a healthy ageing model, since it does not become obese with age and maintains its caloric intake at 2 years of age. The GH pulsatile secretion decreased from 3 months in Wistar, but only after 12 months in Lou C/Jall rats. The IGF-1 levels were lower in Lou C/Jall rats and decreased more steeply with ageing as compared with Wistar rats. The total ghrelin levels were higher in young Lou C/Jall rats than in Wistar rats, but increased similarly with age in both strains. The leptin concentrations increased with ageing only in Wistar rats. By semiquantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, pituitary GH secretagogue receptors and GH mRNA levels were more abundant in Lou C/Jall rats, and the latter decreased with ageing in Wistar rats only. Hypothalamic growth-hormone-releasing hormone and GH secretagogue receptor mRNA levels were similar in both strains and transiently increased only in middle-aged Wistar rats. Agouti-related peptide, neuropeptide Y, and orexin mRNA levels were more abundant in the Lou C/Jall rat hypothalamus, and the two former tended to further increase with age only in this strain. Conversely, the hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA levels were higher in old Wistar rats. In conclusion, ageing in Lou C/Jall rats is associated with a delayed decrease in pulsatile GH secretion in the presence of a lower IGF-1 tone and an increase in the expression of orexigenic neuropeptides in the hypothalamus.

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          Extension of life-span by loss of CHICO, a Drosophila insulin receptor substrate protein.

          D J Clancy, D Gems, L Harshman … (2001)
          The Drosophila melanogaster gene chico encodes an insulin receptor substrate that functions in an insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, insulin/IGF signaling regulates adult longevity. We found that mutation of chico extends fruit fly median life-span by up to 48% in homozygotes and 36% in heterozygotes. Extension of life-span was not a result of impaired oogenesis in chico females, nor was it consistently correlated with increased stress resistance. The dwarf phenotype of chico homozygotes was also unnecessary for extension of life-span. The role of insulin/IGF signaling in regulating animal aging is therefore evolutionarily conserved.
          Article 0 comments Cited 380 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Genetic pathways that regulate ageing in model organisms.

            L Guarente, C. Kenyon (2000)
            Searches for genes involved in the ageing process have been made in genetically tractable model organisms such as yeast, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster fruitflies and mice. These genetic studies have established that ageing is indeed regulated by specific genes, and have allowed an analysis of the pathways involved, linking physiology, signal transduction and gene regulation. Intriguing similarities in the phenotypes of many of these mutants indicate that the mutations may also perturb regulatory systems that control ageing in higher organisms.
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              Extending the lifespan of long-lived mice.

              J E Mattison, Christine G. Roth, Nat Wright … (2001)
              Article 0 comments Cited 92 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): NEN
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Neuroendocrinology
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.0028-3835
                Title: Neuroendocrinology
                Publisher: S. Karger AG
                ISSN (Print): 0028-3835
                ISSN (Electronic): 1423-0194
                Publication date Subscription-year: 2004
                Publication date (Print): February 2005
                Publication date (Electronic): 25 February 2005
                Volume: 80
                Issue: 5
                Pages: 273-283
                Affiliations
                aINSERM U549, IFR Broca-Ste-Anne, Université Paris 5, Paris, et bNeuroendocrinologie du vieillissement «Adaptations physiologiques et comportementales», Complexe scientifique des Cézeaux, Université Blaise-Pascal, Aubière, France
                Article
                Publisher ID: 83610 Other ID: Neuroendocrinology 2004;80:273–283
                DOI: 10.1159/000083610
                PubMed ID: 15677878
                SO-VID: 1c21cc06-1723-4604-8205-d91b9dd7d213
                Copyright © © 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel
                License:

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Date received : 20 July 2004
                Date accepted : 09 November 2004
                Page count
                Figures: 5, Tables: 2, References: 43, Pages: 11
                Categories
                Subject: Original Paper

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes,Neurology,Nutrition & Dietetics,Sexual medicine,Internal medicine,Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: Growth hormone,Insulin-like growth factors,Growth-hormone-releasing hormone,Neuropeptide Y,Agouti-related peptide,Growth hormone secretagogue receptors,Pro-opiomelanocortin,Ageing,Lou C/Jall rat,Orexins
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Endocrinology & Diabetes, Neurology, Nutrition & Dietetics, Sexual medicine, Internal medicine, Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: Growth hormone, Insulin-like growth factors, Growth-hormone-releasing hormone, Neuropeptide Y, Agouti-related peptide, Growth hormone secretagogue receptors, Pro-opiomelanocortin, Ageing, Lou C/Jall rat, Orexins

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