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      Algunas reflexiones en clave antropológica a propósito del artículo “Uso y abuso del término percepción de riesgo” de la doctora Silvia Martínez Calvo Translated title: Some reflections in anthropological way to the article "Use and abuse of the term perception of risk" by Dr. Silvia Martínez Calvo

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN El presente artículo de debate se propone dialogar con la perspectiva planteada por la doctora Silvia Martínez Calvo en su artículo titulado “Uso y abuso del término percepción del riesgo”, que fuera publicado en Revista Cubana de Salud Pública, 2017;43(3). El objetivo principal es el de intentar realizar algunas contribuciones desde la antropología y el estudio del trabajo a debate abierto por la autora referido a la percepción del riesgo y a los modos por los cuales las personas actúan frente a lo que se representan como peligroso (o no). Si bien nuestras reflexiones se nutren del trabajo de campo etnográfico realizado a lo largo de más de quince años en distintos ámbitos laborales (obras en construcción, instituciones hospitalarias, instituciones educativas, distintos ámbitos de producción fabril, entre otros), en el presente artículo, nos limitaremos meramente a plantear algunas líneas de indagación generales que pretenden aportar al debate. En particular, buscaremos profundizar en algo que fuera destacado por la doctora. Martínez Calvo y que refiere al modo en que los distintos grupos sociales se representan los riesgos cotidianos a los que se exponen. En especial, nos interesará reflexionar acerca del modo en que el género y ciertos ideales legitimados de masculinidad intervienen en la configuración de percepciones y actitudes singulares frente al “peligro”. Finalmente y como señala Martínez Calvo, hay que dejar de “culpar a la víctima” y empezar a visibilizar la complejidad del problema en toda su expresión.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The present debate article has the purpose of dialoguing on the perspective proposed by Dr. Silvia Martínez Calvo in her article entitled "Use and abuse of the term perception of risk", which was published in Revista Cubana de Salud Pública, 2017;43(3). The main objective is to try to make some contributions from anthropology and the study of this work to open a debate by the author regarding the perception of risk and the ways in which people act in front of what is represented as dangerous (or not ). Although our reflections are nourished by the ethnographic fieldwork carried out over more than fifteen years in different fields of work (construction sites, hospital institutions, educational institutions, different areas of factory production, among others), in this article we will merely limit to some general lines of inquiry that are intended to contribute to the debate. Particularly, we will seek to deepen in something that was highlighted by Dr. Martínez Calvo and that refers to the way in which different social groups represent the daily risks to which they are exposed. Specially, we will be interested in reflecting on the way in which gender and certain legitimized ideals of masculinity intervene in the configuration of singular perceptions and attitudes towards "danger". Finally, as Martínez Calvo points out, we must stop "blaming the victim" and begin to see the complexity of the problem in all its expression.

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          Most cited references8

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          Does risk factor epidemiology put epidemiology at risk? Peering into the future.

          M Susser (1998)
          The multiple cause black box paradigm of the current risk factor era in epidemiology is growing less serviceable. This single level paradigm is likely to be displaced. The signs are that the growing strength of molecular epidemiology on the one side, and of a global epidemiology based on information systems on the other, will come to dominate epidemiology and segregate it into separate disciplines. At the same time, the links with public health interests grow weaker. A multilevel ecoepidemiology has the potential to bind these strands together.
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            Perceived risk of occupational injury: control over pace of work and blue-collar versus white-collar work.

            Factors influencing the perception of risk of work-related accidental injury were investigated for 244 full-time employed men and women. Autonomy and freedom in one's work were the strongest predictors of perceived risk, with those respondents exercising the greatest control over their work perceiving the least risk of accidental injury. Two other dimensions of control over work-task repetitiveness and speed of pace-had weaker effects. Respondents using primarily blue collar kinds of equipment felt more at risk than those using white collar equipment or no equipment. This result is interpreted in terms of the impact of 'sudden harm' on perceptions. Present working conditions, represented by the number of hazards identified in the workplace, predicted perceived risk more strongly than previous accident history.
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              Contemporary Latin American Perspectives on Masculinity

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rcsp
                Revista Cubana de Salud Pública
                Rev. cub. salud pública
                Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas (La Habana, La Habana, Cuba )
                0864-3466
                1561-3127
                2018
                : 44
                : 1
                : 166-171
                Affiliations
                [1] Buenos Aires orgnameCentro de Estudios e Investigaciones Laborales Argentina
                Article
                S0864-34662018000100166
                1c75a31c-fe78-4aa8-b9c7-1c31f6f4a7c5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 05 October 2017
                : 10 October 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 16, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                Debate

                anthropology,Perception of risk,antropología,Percepción de riesgo

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