Charles N. Agoti: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data CurationRole: Formal AnalysisRole: InvestigationRole:
MethodologyRole: Project AdministrationRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole:
Writing – Original Draft PreparationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2160-567X
Martin Mutunga: Role: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project AdministrationRole: Writing – Review
& Editing
Arnold W. Lambisia: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5312-0960
Domtila Kimani: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Robinson Cheruiyot: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Patience Kiyuka: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3257-5920
Clement Lewa: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Elijah Gicheru: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Metrine Tendwa: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Khadija Said Mohammed: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7467-7290
Victor Osoti: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Johnstone Makale: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3670-7521
Brian Tawa: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Calleb Odundo: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Wesley Cheruiyot: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Wilfred Nyamu: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Wilson Gumbi: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Jedidah Mwacharo: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Lydia Nyamako: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Edward Otieno: Role: Data CurationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8014-7306
David Amadi: Role: Data CurationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6814-4439
Janet Thoya: Role: Data CurationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Angela Karani: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Daisy Mugo: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Jennifer Musyoki: Role: InvestigationRole: Project AdministrationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Horace Gumba: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4015-718X
Salim Mwarumba: Role: Project AdministrationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Bonface M. Gichuki: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8766-7470
Susan Njuguna: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Debra Riako: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Shadrack Mutua: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
John N. Gitonga: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6482-9107
Yiakon Sein: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Brian Bartilol: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8945-0002
Shaban J. Mwangi: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1961-3205
Donwilliams O. Omuoyo: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
John M. Morobe: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2398-6717
Zaydah R. de Laurent: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2619-0856
Philip Bejon: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding AcquisitionRole: Project AdministrationRole:
ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – Review & Editing
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2135-7549
Lynette Isabella Ochola-Oyier: Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project AdministrationRole:
SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: Writing – Review & Editing
Benjamin Tsofa: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Project AdministrationRole: SupervisionRole: Writing
– Review & Editing
Journal ID (nlm-ta): Wellcome Open Res
Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Wellcome Open Res
Journal ID (pmc): Wellcome Open Res
Title:
Wellcome Open Research
Publisher:
F1000 Research Limited
(London, UK
)
ISSN
(Electronic):
2398-502X
Publication date
(Electronic):
6
August
2020
Publication date Collection: 2020
Publication date PMC-release: 6
August
2020
Volume: 5
Electronic Location Identifier: 186
Affiliations
[1
]Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic
Medicine Research, Kilifi, Kenya
[2
]Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pwani University, Kilifi, Kenya
[3
]Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine,
Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
[1
]School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
[1
]Kenya Research Station, Institute of Tropical Medicine, KEMRI/Nagasaki University,
Nairobi, Kenya
[2
]Directorate of Research and Innovation, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
[3
]School of Medicine, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
Author notes
No competing interests were disclosed.
Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed.
Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed.
Author information
Article
DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16113.1
PMC ID: 7590893
PubMed ID: 33134555
SO-VID: 1c8a5078-4e02-42db-b15b-01ee3d03a5eb
Copyright © Copyright: © 2020 Agoti CN et al.
License:
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction
in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Funded by: New Partnership for Africa's Development
Award ID: DEL-15-003
Funded by: Department for International Development, UK Government
Funded by: African Academy of Sciences
Award ID: DEL-15-003
Funded by: Wellcome Trust
Award ID: 107568
Award ID: 107769
Award ID: 203077
Funded by: National Institute for Health Research
Award ID: 17/63/82
Funded by: Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa
Award ID: DEL-15-003
This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust through a Wellcome Intermediate Fellowship
to LIOO which also supports VO [107568]; Core Support for the East African Major Overseas
Programme [203077]; and support to the Initiative to Develop African Research Leaders
(IDeAL) [107769].
This work was also supported by the African Academy of Sciences (AAS) through support
to CA and PK as part of the IDeAL programme. IDeAL is a programme of the The Developing
Excellence in Leadership, Training and Science (DELTAS) Africa [DEL-15-003]. The DELTAS
Africa Initiative is an independent funding scheme of the AAS’s Alliance for Accelerating
Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA) and supported by the New Partnership for Africa’s
Development Planning and Coordinating Agency (NEPAD Agency).
Support was also provided by the United Kingdom Department for International Development
(DFID) in conjunction with Wellcome [107769 and 203077] and the National Institute
for Health Research (NIHR) [project reference 17/63/82] using UK aid from the UK Government
to support global health research. The views expressed in this report are those of
the authors and not necessarily those of AAS, NEPAD Agency, The Wellcome, NIHR or
the UK government.
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.