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      Dietary supplement use and associated variables among Turkish women: cross-sectional study Translated title: Uso de suplementos dietéticos y variables asociadas entre mujeres turcas: estudio transversal

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          Abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Dietary supplement use is continuously increasing in the world and it seems to be more common among women. Data on supplement habits of women in Turkey are still limited. The purpose of this study is to determine dietary supplement use and to evaluate associated factors in Turkish women in the pre-COVID-19 period. Methodology: A total of 727 Turkish women (33.4[10.3] years; 25.9[4.57] kg/m2; 162.9[6.81] cm) participated in this cross-sectional study. After piloting, the participants completed a six-part questionnaire form that was administered either face-to-face or over the phone by a trained dietitian. The questionnaire intended to collect data about demographic characteristics, use of dietary supplements and factors influencing supplement choices such as eating habits, physical activity and lifestyle habits. Results: A total of 307 participants (42.2%) used at least one dietary supplement within the previous year. The most commonly used was iron (30.6%) followed by vitamin D (30.6%), vitamin B12 (26.7%), multivitamins (18.2%), and calcium (11.4%). Supplement use decreased with higher physical activity (p=0.002). Furthermore, it was significantly higher among women who consume meals at regular times (p=0.001) and those that avoid fast food consumption (p=0.014). However, the use of dietary supplements was not associated with lower BMI, older age or higher academic level (p>0.05). Conclusions: More than 40% of women were reported using dietary supplements. The use of supplements was not associated with lower BMI, higher physical activity, older age, higher academic level smoking or drinking. Turkish women seem to show a different consumer profile from typical dietary supplement users.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Introducción: El uso de suplementos dietéticos aumenta continuamente en el mundo y parece ser más común entre las mujeres. Los datos sobre los hábitos de suplementación de las mujeres en Turquía aún son limitados. El propósito de este estudio es determinar el uso de suplementos dietéticos y evaluar los factores que influyen en las mujeres turcas en el período anterior COVID-19. Metodología: Un total de 727 mujeres turcas (33,4[10,3] años; 25,9[4,57] kg/m2; 162,9[6,81] cm) participaron en este estudio transversal. Después del pilotaje, las participantes completaron un formulario de cuestionario de seis partes que un dietista capacitado administró personalmente o por teléfono. El cuestionario fue destinado a recopilar datos sobre características demográficas, uso de suplementos dietéticos y factores que influyen en la elección de suplementos, hábitos alimenticios, actividad física y hábitos de estilo de vida. Resultados: Un total de 307 participantes (42,2%) utilizaron al menos un suplemento dietético en el año anterior. Los más utilizados fueron hierro (30,6%), vitamina D (30,6%), vitamina B12 (26,7%), multivitamínicos (18,2%) y calcio (11,4%). El uso de suplementos dietéticos disminuyó con mayor actividad física (p=0,002). Además, el uso de suplementos fue significativamente mayor entre las mujeres que consumían comidas en horarios regulares (p=0,001) y evitaban el consumo de comida rápida (p=0,014). Sin embargo, el uso de suplementos dietéticos no se asoció con menor índice de masa corporal, mayor edad y mayor nivel educativo (p>0,05). Conclusiones: Más del 40% de las mujeres informaron que usaban suplementos dietéticos. El uso de suplementos no se asoció con menor IMC, mayor actividad física, mayor edad, mayor nivel educativo y no fumar y beber. Las mujeres turcas parecen mostrar un perfil de consumidor diferente al de las usuarias típicas de suplementos dietéticos.

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          Why US adults use dietary supplements.

          Dietary supplements are used by more than half of adults, although to our knowledge, the reasons motivating use have not been previously examined in US adults using nationally representative data. The purpose of this analysis was to examine motivations for dietary supplement use, characterize the types of products used for the most commonly reported motivations, and to examine the role of physicians and health care practitioners in guiding choices about dietary supplements. Data from adults (≥20 years; n = 11 956) were examined in the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative, cross-sectional, population-based survey. The most commonly reported reasons for using supplements were to "improve" (45%) or "maintain" (33%) overall health. Women used calcium products for "bone health" (36%), whereas men were more likely to report supplement use for "heart health or to lower cholesterol" (18%). Older adults (≥60 years) were more likely than younger individuals to report motivations related to site-specific reasons like heart, bone and joint, and eye health. Only 23% of products were used based on recommendations of a health care provider. Multivitamin-mineral products were the most frequently reported type of supplement taken, followed by calcium and ω-3 or fish oil supplements. Supplement users are more likely to report very good or excellent health, have health insurance, use alcohol moderately, eschew cigarette smoking, and exercise more frequently than nonusers. Supplement users reported motivations related to overall health more commonly than for supplementing nutrients from food intakes. Use of supplements was related to more favorable health and lifestyle choices. Less than a quarter of supplements used by adults were recommended by a physician or health care provider.
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            Exercise and longevity.

            Aging is a natural and complex physiological process influenced by many factors, some of which are modifiable. As the number of older individuals continues to increase, it is important to develop interventions that can be easily implemented and contribute to "successful aging". In addition to a healthy diet and psychosocial well-being, the benefits of regular exercise on mortality, and the prevention and control of chronic disease affecting both life expectancy and quality of life are well established. We summarize the benefits of regular exercise on longevity, present the current knowledge regarding potential mechanisms, and outline the main recommendations. Exercise can partially reverse the effects of the aging process on physiological functions and preserve functional reserve in the elderly. Numerous studies have shown that maintaining a minimum quantity and quality of exercise decreases the risk of death, prevents the development of certain cancers, lowers the risk of osteoporosis and increases longevity. Training programs should include exercises aimed at improving cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle function, as well as flexibility and balance. Though the benefits of physical activity appear to be directly linked to the notion of training volume and intensity, further research is required in the elderly, in order to develop more precise recommendations, bearing in mind that the main aim is to foster long-term adherence to physical activity in this growing population. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Evidence-based lifestyle interventions in the workplace--an overview.

              Lifestyle-related health issues affect the economic position of organizations and contribute to reduced productivity, increased absenteeism and health care costs.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                renhyd
                Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética
                Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet
                Academia Española de Nutrición y Dietética (Pamplona, Navarra, Spain )
                2173-1292
                2174-5145
                December 2022
                : 26
                : 4
                : 277-284
                Affiliations
                [1] Altindag orgnameHacettepe University orgdiv1Faculty of Health Sciences orgdiv2Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Turkey
                Article
                S2174-51452022000400277 S2174-5145(22)02600400277
                10.14306/renhyd.26.4.1710
                1c923331-f2a7-4f0e-b126-abf00c0e336b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 17 August 2022
                : 24 June 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Investigations

                Women,Turkey,Suplementos Alimenticios,Mujeres,Estudio Transversal,Turquía,Food Supplements,Cross-Sectional Study

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