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      Reliability analysis of the Malay version of the center for epidemiologic studies-depression scale (CESD) among adolescents in Malaysia

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          Highlights

          • One in five adolescents in Malaysia suffer from depression.

          • Early screening for depression is important to improve mental health outcomes.

          • The reliability analysis of the Malay version of the CESD instrument was examined.

          • Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald's omega coefficient, and ICC was 0.88, 0.89 and 0.92.

          • Malay version of the CESD is a reliable instrument for depression screening.

          Abstract

          Depression is a common mental disorder that affects many adolescents worldwide. Therefore, there is a need for reliable instruments to screen for depression symptoms among adolescents.

          This study aims to determine the reliability of the Malay version of the Centre of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD) among adolescents in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 65 adolescents ages between 12 and 14 years from two secondary schools in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur from May 2017 to July 2017. Cronbach’s alpha (α), McDonald's omega (ω), Spearman Brown split half reliability (r SB), and Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) were examine to determine the internal consistency and two week test-retest reliability. The overall CESD scale was found to have good internal consistency with α = 0.882 (95% CI 0.837, 0.914), ω = 0.886 (95% CI 0.837, 0.916) and r SB = 0.909. The CESD subscales, Somatic symptoms (α = 0.824; 95% CI 0.739, 0.878; ω = 0.828; 95% CI 0.738, 0.885; r SB = 0.825), Depressive affect (α = 0.822; 95% CI 0.745, 0.880; ω = 0.834; 95% CI 0.750, 0.884; r SB = 0.847) and Positive affect (α = 0.610; 95% CI 0.326, 0.721; ω = 0.612; 95% CI 0.379, 0.723 and r SB = 0.608) indicated acceptable to good internal consistency. The 2-week test–retest reliability ICC was 0.926 (95% CI 0.851, 0.961) for the total score reliability. The reliability analysis of the Malay version of CESD shows satisfactory α, ω, r SB and ICC values, therefore making it a reliable instrument to screen for depression among adolescents in Malaysia.

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          Most cited references28

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          A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research.

          Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is a widely used reliability index in test-retest, intrarater, and interrater reliability analyses. This article introduces the basic concept of ICC in the content of reliability analysis.
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            The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population

            L Radloff (1977)
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              lavaan: AnRPackage for Structural Equation Modeling

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Prev Med Rep
                Preventive Medicine Reports
                2211-3355
                07 October 2021
                December 2021
                07 October 2021
                : 24
                : 101585
                Affiliations
                [a ]Institute for Medical Research (IMR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Malaysia
                [b ]Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
                [c ]Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of Health, Malaysia, Selangor 68100, Malaysia
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. lssarbhan@ 123456moh.gov.my
                Article
                S2211-3355(21)00275-8 101585
                10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101585
                8683883
                34976645
                1d1095b9-f34d-4433-9cf6-bc81763aa8a9
                © 2021 The Author(s)

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 14 April 2021
                : 23 August 2021
                : 3 October 2021
                Categories
                Regular Article

                malay,cesd,depression,adolescent,reliability
                malay, cesd, depression, adolescent, reliability

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