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      Ethical framework of assistive devices: review and reflection

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          Abstract

          The population of ageing is growing significantly over the world, and there is an emerging demand for better healthcare services and more care centres. Innovations of Information and Communication Technology has resulted in development of various types of assistive robots to fulfil elderly’s needs and independency, whilst carrying out daily routine tasks. This makes it vital to have a clear understanding of elderly’s needs and expectations from assistive robots. This paper addresses current ethical issues to understand elderly’s prime needs. Also, we consider other general ethics with the purpose of applying these theories to form a proper ethics framework. In the ethics framework, the ethical concerns of senior citizens will be prioritized to satisfy elderly’s needs and also to diminish related expenses to healthcare services.

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          Most cited references63

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          A survey on ambient-assisted living tools for older adults.

          In recent years, we have witnessed a rapid surge in assisted living technologies due to a rapidly aging society. The aging population, the increasing cost of formal health care, the caregiver burden, and the importance that the individuals place on living independently, all motivate development of innovative-assisted living technologies for safe and independent aging. In this survey, we will summarize the emergence of 'ambient-assisted living" (AAL) tools for older adults based on ambient intelligence paradigm. We will summarize the state-of-the-art AAL technologies, tools, and techniques, and we will look at current and future challenges.
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            Granny and the robots: ethical issues in robot care for the elderly

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              Older adults' attitudes towards and perceptions of "smart home" technologies: a pilot study.

              The study aim is to explore the perceptions and expectations of seniors in regard to "smart home" technology installed and operated in their homes with the purpose of improving their quality of life and/or monitoring their health status. Three focus group sessions were conducted within this pilot study to assess older adults' perceptions of the technology and ways they believe technology can improve their daily lives. Themes discussed in these groups included participants' perceptions of the usefulness of devices and sensors in health-related issues such as preventing or detecting falls, assisting with visual or hearing impairments, improving mobility, reducing isolation, managing medications, and monitoring of physiological parameters. The audiotapes were transcribed and a content analysis was performed. A total of 15 older adults participated in three focus group sessions. Areas where advanced technologies would benefit older adult residents included emergency help, prevention and detection of falls, monitoring of physiological parameters, etc. Concerns were expressed about the user-friendliness of the devices, lack of human response and the need for training tailored to older learners. All participants had an overall positive attitude towards devices and sensors that can be installed in their homes in order to enhance their lives.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Nazanin.Mansouri@lincolnuni.ac.nz
                k.goher@aston.ac.uk
                SeyedEbrahim.Hosseini@lincolnuni.ac.nz
                Journal
                Robotics Biomim
                Robotics Biomim
                Robotics and Biomimetics
                Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )
                2197-3768
                15 November 2017
                15 November 2017
                2017
                : 4
                : 1
                : 19
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0385 8571, GRID grid.16488.33, Department of Land Management and Systems, , Lincoln University, ; Lincoln, Canterbury, 7647 New Zealand
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0376 4727, GRID grid.7273.1, School of Life & Health Sciences, , Aston University, ; Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
                [3 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0385 8571, GRID grid.16488.33, Faculty of Environment, Society and Design, , Lincoln University, ; Lincoln, Canterbury, 7647 New Zealand
                Article
                74
                10.1186/s40638-017-0074-2
                5688189
                29201602
                1da9530d-5348-448d-a08e-b6f51b63c1f5
                © The Author(s) 2017

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

                History
                : 15 May 2017
                : 1 November 2017
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004594, Lincoln University;
                Categories
                Review
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2017

                robot ethics,assistive medical robots,robot ethics framework,older adults,assistive walking device framework,ethics concerns,ethics issues

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