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      Implicit measures of environmental attitudes: a comparative study Translated title: Medidas implícitas de actitudes ambientales: un estudio comparativo

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          Abstract

          The present investigation aims to inquire about the capacity of three implicit instruments to measure the attitude toward natural and urban environments. One hundred and three students from a Mexican public university participated in the investigation. The implicit instruments used were the affective priming technique, the implicit association test, and the affect misattribution procedure. Further, an explicit scale was used for comparison. The results showed that all instruments converge in the same way; the nature images were viewed as more pleasant compared to the city images. Also, most results indicated good effect size values, observed power, and reliability, with the exception of the affective priming technique, which established low values. In addition, all instruments indicated weak correlations between each other. The results were discussed in terms of the capacity of the instruments to measure environmental attitudes, and also possible theoretical and methodological implications.

          Translated abstract

          Se presenta una investigación en la que se realizaron tres estudios con mediciones implícitas con la finalidad de determinar la capacidad de los instrumentos para medir la actitud de los participantes hacia los ambientes naturales y urbanos. Participaron 103 estudiantes de una universidad pública mexicana. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la técnica de facilitación afectiva, la prueba de asociación implícita y el procedimiento de falsas atribuciones afectivas, además se utilizó una escala explícita como comparación. Los resultados indicaron que todos los instrumentos convergieron en el mismo sentido: valorar las imágenes de naturaleza como más positivas que las de ciudad. Además, mostraron valores aceptables de confiabilidad, tamaño de efecto y potencia, con excepción de la técnica de facilitación afectiva que manifestó valores bajos. Adicionalmente todos presentaron bajas correlaciones entre ellos. Se discuten los resultados en términos de la capacidad de los instrumentos para medir las actitudes ambientales, así como posibles implicaciones teóricas y metodológicas de los mismos.

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          Most cited references41

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          Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: the implicit association test.

          An implicit association test (IAT) measures differential association of 2 target concepts with an attribute. The 2 concepts appear in a 2-choice task (2-choice task (e.g., flower vs. insect names), and the attribute in a 2nd task (e.g., pleasant vs. unpleasant words for an evaluation attribute). When instructions oblige highly associated categories (e.g., flower + pleasant) to share a response key, performance is faster than when less associated categories (e.g., insect & pleasant) share a key. This performance difference implicitly measures differential association of the 2 concepts with the attribute. In 3 experiments, the IAT was sensitive to (a) near-universal evaluative differences (e.g., flower vs. insect), (b) expected individual differences in evaluative associations (Japanese + pleasant vs. Korean + pleasant for Japanese vs. Korean subjects), and (c) consciously disavowed evaluative differences (Black + pleasant vs. White + pleasant for self-described unprejudiced White subjects).
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            Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: an integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change.

            A central theme in recent research on attitudes is the distinction between deliberate, "explicit" attitudes and automatic, "implicit" attitudes. The present article provides an integrative review of the available evidence on implicit and explicit attitude change that is guided by a distinction between associative and propositional processes. Whereas associative processes are characterized by mere activation independent of subjective truth or falsity, propositional reasoning is concerned with the validation of evaluations and beliefs. The proposed associative-propositional evaluation (APE) model makes specific assumptions about the mutual interplay of the 2 processes, implying several mechanisms that lead to symmetric or asymmetric changes in implicit and explicit attitudes. The model integrates a broad range of empirical evidence and implies several new predictions for implicit and explicit attitude change.
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              On the automatic activation of associated evaluations: An overview

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ijpr
                International Journal of Psychological Research
                int.j.psychol.res.
                Facultad de Psicología. Universidad de San Buenaventura, Medellín
                2011-2084
                January 2016
                : 9
                : 1
                : 40-51
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León México
                [2 ] Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León México
                Article
                S2011-20842016000100005
                1de841f4-f6d2-4de5-9e0e-7cab6202e45f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=2011-2084&lng=en
                Categories
                SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY

                Sociology
                Medidas implícitas,medidas explícitas,actitudes,ambientes naturales,ambientes urbanos,Implicit measures,explicit measures,attitudes,natural environments,urban environments

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