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      Eficacia ejercicio basado en el hogar usando una aplicación móvil para mejorar las funciones cognitivas en pacientes con hipertensión: un sencillo diseño experimental Translated title: Effectiveness Home based-Exercise using Mobile Application to Improve Cognitive Functions in Patients with Hypertension: A quesy experimental design

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue determinar el efecto del ejercicio en el hogar utilizando una aplicación móvil para mejorar las funciones cognitivas en pacientes con hipertensión. Métodos: Este estudio se realizó utilizando un sencillo diseño experimental con un grupo de prueba previa y posterior en un centro de salud pública ubicado en Java Occidental, Indonesia, de febrero a julio de 2019. Un programa de ejercicios basado en dispositivos móviles era una actividad de caminar en casa todos los días durante un mes. La muestra en el estudio se seleccionó mediante muestreo de conveniencia para adultos mayores de 18 años y diagnosticados con hipertensión. La Evaluación Cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA) se utilizó para medir la función cognitiva. Una prueba t pareada utilizada para analizar datos con el nivel de significancia se estableció en 0.05. Resultados: Un total de 120 participantes se inscribieron en este estudio. La edad media de la muestra fue de 56.42 ± 10.6 años, 70 (58.3%) eran hombres, 61 (50.8%) tenían un nivel educativo más bajo y 77 (64.2%) estaban desempleados. La puntuación media de MoCA mostró una mejoría después de la intervención, de 23.3 ± 3.42 a 26.7 ± 2.78, p = 0.010. Más detalladamente, hubo mejoría después de la intervención en el dominio de nomenclatura (2.930.34 vs. 3.141.06, p = 0.003), atención (2.39 ± 0.68 vs. 3.12 ± 1.04, p = 0.001) y abstracción (1.56 ± 0.49 vs. 2.01 ± 0.89, p = 0.043). Conclusión: El uso de una aplicación de ejercicio móvil fue efectivo, fácil de hacer con bajo costo para mejorar la función cognitiva y prevenir la demencia en pacientes hipertensos.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT: Main Goal: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of home based-exercise using mobile application to improve cognitive functions in patients with hypertension. Methods: This study was conducted using a queasy experimental with one group pre-post test design at a public health center located in West Java, Indonesia on February to July 2019. A mobile-based exercise program was a walking activity at home every day for one month. The sample in the study was selected using convenience sampling to adults aged above 18 years old and diagnosed with hypertension. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to measure cognitive function. A paired t-test used to analyze data with the significance level was set at 0.05. Results: A total of 120 participants were enrolled in this study. The mean age of the sample was 56.42 ± 10.6 years old, 70 (58.3%) were male, 61 (50.8%) had lower education level, and 77 (64.2%) were unemployed. The mean score of MoCA showed improved after intervention, from 23.3 ± 3.42 to 26.7 ± 2.78, p=0.010. In more detail, there were improvement after intervention in domain of naming (2.930.34 vs. 3.141.06, p=0.003), attention (2.39 ± 0.68 vs. 3.12 ± 1.04, p=0.001), and abstraction (1.56 ± 0.49 vs. 2.01 ± 0.89, p=0.043). Conclusion: Using a mobile-exercise App was effective, easy to do with low cost to improve cognitive function and prevent dementia in hypertensive patients.

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          Most cited references21

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          The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment.

          To develop a 10-minute cognitive screening tool (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) to assist first-line physicians in detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a clinical state that often progresses to dementia. Validation study. A community clinic and an academic center. Ninety-four patients meeting MCI clinical criteria supported by psychometric measures, 93 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score > or =17), and 90 healthy elderly controls (NC). The MoCA and MMSE were administered to all participants, and sensitivity and specificity of both measures were assessed for detection of MCI and mild AD. Using a cutoff score 26, the MMSE had a sensitivity of 18% to detect MCI, whereas the MoCA detected 90% of MCI subjects. In the mild AD group, the MMSE had a sensitivity of 78%, whereas the MoCA detected 100%. Specificity was excellent for both MMSE and MoCA (100% and 87%, respectively). MCI as an entity is evolving and somewhat controversial. The MoCA is a brief cognitive screening tool with high sensitivity and specificity for detecting MCI as currently conceptualized in patients performing in the normal range on the MMSE.
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            Aerobic exercise and neurocognitive performance: a meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials.

            To assess the effects of aerobic exercise training on neurocognitive performance. Although the effects of exercise on neurocognition have been the subject of several previous reviews and meta-analyses, they have been hampered by methodological shortcomings and are now outdated as a result of the recent publication of several large-scale, randomized, controlled trials (RCTs). We conducted a systematic literature review of RCTs examining the association between aerobic exercise training on neurocognitive performance between January 1966 and July 2009. Suitable studies were selected for inclusion according to the following criteria: randomized treatment allocation; mean age > or =18 years of age; duration of treatment >1 month; incorporated aerobic exercise components; supervised exercise training; the presence of a nonaerobic-exercise control group; and sufficient information to derive effect size data. Twenty-nine studies met inclusion criteria and were included in our analyses, representing data from 2049 participants and 234 effect sizes. Individuals randomly assigned to receive aerobic exercise training demonstrated modest improvements in attention and processing speed (g = 0.158; 95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.055-0.260; p = .003), executive function (g = 0.123; 95% CI, 0.021-0.225; p = .018), and memory (g = 0.128; 95% CI, 0.015-0.241; p = .026). Aerobic exercise training is associated with modest improvements in attention and processing speed, executive function, and memory, although the effects of exercise on working memory are less consistent. Rigorous RCTs are needed with larger samples, appropriate controls, and longer follow-up periods.
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              Measuring and influencing physical activity with smartphone technology: a systematic review.

              Rapid developments in technology have encouraged the use of smartphones in physical activity research, although little is known regarding their effectiveness as measurement and intervention tools. This study systematically reviewed evidence on smartphones and their viability for measuring and influencing physical activity. Research articles were identified in September 2013 by literature searches in Web of Knowledge, PubMed, PsycINFO, EBSCO, and ScienceDirect. The search was restricted using the terms (physical activity OR exercise OR fitness) AND (smartphone* OR mobile phone* OR cell phone*) AND (measurement OR intervention). Reviewed articles were required to be published in international academic peer-reviewed journals, or in full text from international scientific conferences, and focused on measuring physical activity through smartphone processing data and influencing people to be more active through smartphone applications. Two reviewers independently performed the selection of articles and examined titles and abstracts to exclude those out of scope. Data on study characteristics, technologies used to objectively measure physical activity, strategies applied to influence activity; and the main study findings were extracted and reported. A total of 26 articles (with the first published in 2007) met inclusion criteria. All studies were conducted in highly economically advantaged countries; 12 articles focused on special populations (e.g. obese patients). Studies measured physical activity using native mobile features, and/or an external device linked to an application. Measurement accuracy ranged from 52 to 100% (n = 10 studies). A total of 17 articles implemented and evaluated an intervention. Smartphone strategies to influence physical activity tended to be ad hoc, rather than theory-based approaches; physical activity profiles, goal setting, real-time feedback, social support networking, and online expert consultation were identified as the most useful strategies to encourage physical activity change. Only five studies assessed physical activity intervention effects; all used step counts as the outcome measure. Four studies (three pre-post and one comparative) reported physical activity increases (12-42 participants, 800-1,104 steps/day, 2 weeks-6 months), and one case-control study reported physical activity maintenance (n = 200 participants; >10,000 steps/day) over 3 months. Smartphone use is a relatively new field of study in physical activity research, and consequently the evidence base is emerging. Few studies identified in this review considered the validity of phone-based assessment of physical activity. Those that did report on measurement properties found average-to-excellent levels of accuracy for different behaviors. The range of novel and engaging intervention strategies used by smartphones, and user perceptions on their usefulness and viability, highlights the potential such technology has for physical activity promotion. However, intervention effects reported in the extant literature are modest at best, and future studies need to utilize randomized controlled trial research designs, larger sample sizes, and longer study periods to better explore the physical activity measurement and intervention capabilities of smartphones.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                eg
                Enfermería Global
                Enferm. glob.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                1695-6141
                2020
                : 19
                : 60
                : 409-426
                Affiliations
                [3] Jakarta orgnameUniversitas Negeri Jakarta Indonesia
                [1] Bandung West Java orgnameUniversitas Pendidikan Indonesia Indonesia
                [2] orgnameSTIKep PPNI Jawa Barat Indonesia linlinlindayani@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S1695-61412020000400409 S1695-6141(20)01906000409
                10.6018/eglobal.411601
                1e2bf9db-0d6a-4209-8a60-fcf837276319

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 January 2020
                : 04 July 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 22, Pages: 18
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
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                función cognitiva,ejercicio,hipertensión,aplicación móvil,cognitive function,exercise,hypertention,mobile application

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