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      Toxicidade aguda do extrato aquoso de folhas de Erythrina velutina em animais experimentais Translated title: Acute toxicity of the aqueous extract of Erythrina velutina leaves in experimental animals

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          Abstract

          Este trabalho teve como objetivo a avaliação da toxicidade aguda do extrato aquoso de folhas de Erythrina velutina, espécie vegetal muito usada na medicina popular principalmente como tranqüilizante. O protocolo experimental utilizado seguiu o Guia para a Realização de Estudos de Toxicidade Pré-clínica de Fitoterápicos da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa, 2004). Ratos Wistar adultos foram tratados por via oral com a dose limite de 5 g/kg do extrato e observados por 14 dias consecutivos. Nenhum animal veio a óbito e nenhum sinal de toxicidade foi detectado nas observações comportamentais ou nas autópsias, indicando uma razoável atoxicidade do extrato.

          Translated abstract

          The aim of this work was to evaluate the acute toxicity of the aqueous extract of Erythrina velutina leaves, which is frequently used in folk medicine as a tranquilizer. The experimental design followed the Guide for Preclinical Toxicity Studies of Herbal Medicines from the Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa, 2004). Adult Wistar rats were treated per os with the limit dose of 5g/kg of the extract and then observed for 14 consecutive days. No animals died and no signs of toxicity were detected either during the behavioral observations or at the autopsies, what indicates a reasonable lack of toxicity for the extract.

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          Most cited references35

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          Árvores brasileiras:manual de identificação e cultivo de plantas arbóreas nativas do Brasil

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            Efficacy, safety, quality control, marketing and regulatory guidelines for herbal medicines (phytotherapeutic agents)

            This review highlights the current advances in knowledge about the safety, efficacy, quality control, marketing and regulatory aspects of botanical medicines. Phytotherapeutic agents are standardized herbal preparations consisting of complex mixtures of one or more plants which contain as active ingredients plant parts or plant material in the crude or processed state. A marked growth in the worldwide phytotherapeutic market has occurred over the last 15 years. For the European and USA markets alone, this will reach about $7 billion and $5 billion per annum, respectively, in 1999, and has thus attracted the interest of most large pharmaceutical companies. Insufficient data exist for most plants to guarantee their quality, efficacy and safety. The idea that herbal drugs are safe and free from side effects is false. Plants contain hundreds of constituents and some of them are very toxic, such as the most cytotoxic anti-cancer plant-derived drugs, digitalis and the pyrrolizidine alkaloids, etc. However, the adverse effects of phytotherapeutic agents are less frequent compared with synthetic drugs, but well-controlled clinical trials have now confirmed that such effects really exist. Several regulatory models for herbal medicines are currently available including prescription drugs, over-the-counter substances, traditional medicines and dietary supplements. Harmonization and improvement in the processes of regulation is needed, and the general tendency is to perpetuate the German Commission E experience, which combines scientific studies and traditional knowledge (monographs). Finally, the trend in the domestication, production and biotechnological studies and genetic improvement of medicinal plants, instead of the use of plants harvested in the wild, will offer great advantages, since it will be possible to obtain uniform and high quality raw materials which are fundamental to the efficacy and safety of herbal drugs.
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              Forty years of Brazilian medicinal plant research.

              The Brazilian Foundation of Medicinal Plants has developed a medicinal plant database. Data were obtained from communications presented in Brazilian Scientific Meetings in the 1949-1989 period and include plant species, family, local name, part used, extract analyzed, claimed therapeutic action, pharmacological activity and active compounds. The families most frequently studied and the usual popular indications are analyzed. The history of research during this period and the current state of medicinal plant research in Brazil are outlined.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbfar
                Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia
                Rev. bras. farmacogn.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia (Curitiba )
                1981-528X
                December 2008
                : 18
                : suppl
                : 739-743
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Sergipe Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Sergipe Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Tiradentes
                Article
                S0102-695X2008000500018
                10.1590/S0102-695X2008000500018
                1e2d5d6c-c159-4a48-8831-1ae12d7da9f2

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-695X&lng=en
                Categories
                PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

                Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Erythrina velutina,Fabaceae-Faboideae,mulungu,acute toxicity,phytotherapy,toxicidade aguda,fitoterapia

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