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      Resiliencia y cáncer: una relación necesaria Translated title: Resilience and cancer: a necessary relationship

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          Abstract

          Resumen El cáncer es una enfermedad que, sin duda, afecta psicológicamente a quienes la sufren. Afortunadamente, existen recursos psicológicos, como la resiliencia o capacidad para prosperar frente a la adversidad, que pueden colaborar en la aceptación de la situación oncológica, encontrándole significado, e incluso beneficios, a la experiencia traumática del padecimiento de la enfermedad. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión teórica actual sobre lo que se sabe de la relación entre resiliencia y cáncer, centrando la investigación en la enfermedad y su recuperación, haciendo hincapié en la importancia de promover resiliencia en el tratamiento psicológico. Las conclusiones indican que la resiliencia es un recurso muy valioso para el buen afrontamiento del cáncer, tanto en pacientes como en familiares. Por ello, se aboga por que las intervenciones psicológicas promuevan la resiliencia en las personas que viven la enfermedad oncológica.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Cancer is a serious disease with important consequences both physical and psychological. There exist aspects such as resilience or ability to thrive on adversity that can contribute to a better adjustment to the situation, acceptance, finding the meaning of the traumatic experience, and even benefits of it. This study aims to perform a review on what has been found within the oncological population mostly studied (breast cancer and other types of oncological diseases, pediatric, palliative care, as well as family and/or caregivers) regarding resilience. The focus is three-sided: to show the role of resilience throughout the disease and after the patients' recovery, and its importance as an aspect to be developed in the psychological treatment that the oncological patient receives. The conclusions indicate that resilience is shown to be a necessary variable for the positive cooping of cancer and recovery, both in patients and in family members. Also, it is suggested that psychological interventions with oncological patients should promote resilience.

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          Most cited references65

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          Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).

          Resilience may be viewed as a measure of stress coping ability and, as such, could be an important target of treatment in anxiety, depression, and stress reactions. We describe a new rating scale to assess resilience. The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale (CD-RISC) comprises of 25 items, each rated on a 5-point scale (0-4), with higher scores reflecting greater resilience. The scale was administered to subjects in the following groups: community sample, primary care outpatients, general psychiatric outpatients, clinical trial of generalized anxiety disorder, and two clinical trials of PTSD. The reliability, validity, and factor analytic structure of the scale were evaluated, and reference scores for study samples were calculated. Sensitivity to treatment effects was examined in subjects from the PTSD clinical trials. The scale demonstrated good psychometric properties and factor analysis yielded five factors. A repeated measures ANOVA showed that an increase in CD-RISC score was associated with greater improvement during treatment. Improvement in CD-RISC score was noted in proportion to overall clinical global improvement, with greatest increase noted in subjects with the highest global improvement and deterioration in CD-RISC score in those with minimal or no global improvement. The CD-RISC has sound psychometric properties and distinguishes between those with greater and lesser resilience. The scale demonstrates that resilience is modifiable and can improve with treatment, with greater improvement corresponding to higher levels of global improvement. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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            The Construct of Resilience: A Critical Evaluation and Guidelines for Future Work

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              The metatheory of resilience and resiliency.

              Resiliency and resilience theory is presented as three waves of resiliency inquiry. The identification of resilient qualities was the first wave characterized through phenomenological identification of developmental assets and protective factors. The second wave described resilience as a disruptive and reintegrative process for accessing resilient qualities. The third wave exemplified the postmodern and multidisciplinary view of resilience, which is the force that drives a person to grow through adversity and disruptions. Application of resilience using an educational and practical framework provides a means for connecting with and nurturing a client's resilience. Practical paradigms of resiliency that empower client control and choice are suggested. Copyright 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ep
                Escritos de Psicología (Internet)
                Escritos de Psicología
                Facultad de Psicología. Universidad de Málaga (Málaga, Málaga, Spain )
                1138-2635
                1989-3809
                December 2020
                : 13
                : 2
                : 90-97
                Affiliations
                [2] Málaga Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Málaga Spain mvcerezo@ 123456uma.es
                [1] Málaga Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Málaga Spain pilarrueda@ 123456uma.es
                Article
                S1989-38092020000200005 S1989-3809(20)01300200005
                10.24310/espsiescpsi.v13i2.10032
                1e866803-b860-4c21-859c-d3ea844dc2bb

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 67, Pages: 8
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                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos Teóricos o de Revisión

                cáncer,revisión,intervenciones psicológicas,supervivencia,ajuste psicológico,resiliencia,review,psychological interventions,survival,psychological adjustment,cancer,resilience

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