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      Clinical Significance of the TK1-Specific Activity in the Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer

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          Abstract

          Introduction: Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common cause of cancer death in women. One of the major concerns is almost two-thirds of cases are typically diagnosed in the late stage as the symptoms are unspecific in the early stage of ovarian cancer. It is known that the combination of TK1 protein with CA 125 or HE4 showed better performance than either of them alone. That is why, the aim of the study was to investigate whether the TK1-specific activity (TK1 SA) could function as a complement marker for early-stage diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methods: The study included a set of 198 sera consisting of 134 patients with ovarian tumors (72 benign and 62 malignant) and 64 healthy age-matched controls. The TK1 SA was determined using TK1 activity by TK-Liaison and TK1 protein by AroCell TK 210 ELISA. Further, CA 125, HE4, as well as risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm index were also determined in the same set of clinical samples. Results: The TK1 SA was significantly different between healthy compared to ovarian cancer patients ( p < 0.0001). Strikingly, TK1 SA has higher sensitivity (55%) compared to other biomarkers in the detection of benign ovarian tumors. Further, the highest sensitivity was achieved by the combination of TK1 SA with CA 125 and HE4 for the detection of benign tumors as well as malignant ovarian tumors (72.2% and 88.7%). In addition, TK1 SA could significantly differentiate FIGO stage I/II from stage III/IV malignancies ( p = 0.026). Follow-up of patients after surgery and chemotherapy showed a significant difference compared to TK1 SA at the time of diagnosis. Conclusions: These results indicate that TK1 SA is a promising blood-based biomarker that could complement CA 125 and HE4 for the detection of early stages of ovarian cancer.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          OCL
          Oncology
          10.1159/issn.0030-2414
          Oncology
          Oncology
          S. Karger AG
          0030-2414
          1423-0232
          2024
          January 2024
          06 September 2023
          : 102
          : 1
          : 17-29
          Affiliations
          [_a] aInstitute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
          [_b] bDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden
          [_c] cResearch and Development Division, AroCell AB, Stockholm, Sweden
          [_d] dInstitute of Oncology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
          [_e] eDivision of Gynecology, Department of Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
          [_f] fUniversity Ljubljana, Medical Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia
          [_g] gUniversity of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia
          Article
          533428 Oncology 2024;102:17–29
          10.1159/000533428
          37673047
          1ef38f69-73d8-4105-b646-1db76e83c63a
          © 2023 S. Karger AG, Basel

          Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

          History
          : 02 April 2023
          : 07 July 2023
          Page count
          Figures: 5, Tables: 2, Pages: 13
          Funding
          National Research agency program P3-0124; Tertiary Research Project of the University Clinical Centre Ljubljana No.: 20190069.
          Categories
          Clinical Study

          Medicine
          Risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm index,TK1-specific activity,Thymidine kinase 1,HE4,CA 125,Ovarian cancer

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