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      Correction: Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics of Novel Mouse Cell Line (NIH/3T3)-Adapted Human Enterovirus 71 Strains (EV71:TLLm and EV71:TLLmv)

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          Abstract

          There are errors in Table 3. Please see the corrected Table 3 here. 10.1371/journal.pone.0092719.t003 Table 3 Adaptive mutations observed in the 5'UTR and P1 regions of EV71:TLLm and EV71:TLLmv viral genomes. EV71:BS vs EV71:TLLm EV71:BS vs EV71:TLLmv Amino acid changes Amino acid changes Genome region Nucleotide changes Polyprotein1 Mature protein2 Genome region Nucleotide changes Polyprotein6 Mature protein7 Cloverleaf Cloverleaf C 140 G IRES 3 A 141 G IRES A 141 C G 195 C T 209 C T 209 C G 258 A G 258 A C 370 T C 370 T Not applicable G 448 A Not applicable G 448 A A 502 C T 502 C G 675 T C 709 T T 677 C A 671 T C 687 T G 675 T C 709 T T 678 INS4 678-681 INS 726-745 DEL5 VP4 A 809 G E 21 G E 21 G VP4 A 809 G E 21 G E 21 G VP2 G 1359 A V 204 I V 135 I VP2 G 1359 A V 204 I V 135 I G 1385 C S 213 T S 144 T G 1385 C S 213 T S 144 T A 1400 T K 218 I K 149 I A 1400 T K 218 I K 149 I T 1428 C E 228 P E 159 P G 1429 C E 228 P E 159 P VP3 G 1900 C A 385 P A 62 P A 2287 G T 514 A T 191 A A 2421 G I 558 M I 235 M VP1 T 2462 C V 572 A V 7 A VP1 T 2462 C V 572 A V 7 A C 2725 T L 660 F L 95 F C 2530 A Q 595 K Q 30 K A 2734 G K 663 E K 98 E A 2719 G I 658 V I 93 V A 2752 G N 669 D N 104 D T 2724 A D 659 E D 94 E A 2876 C E 710 A E 145 A C 2725 T L 660 F L 95 F A 2943 T E 732 D E 167 D A 2734 G K 663 E K 98 E C 2947 T L 734 F L 169 F A 2752 G C 3165 T S 806 L S 241 L A 2753 G N 669 G N 104 G A 2876 C E 710 A E 145 A A 2943 T E 732 D E 167 D C 2947 T L 734 F L 169 F C 3165 T S 806 L S 241 L T 3175 C Y 810 H Y 245 H G 3184 A V 813 I V 248 I G 3319 T A 858 S A 293 S 1 Numbering of amino acids in the uncleaved polyprotein prior to maturation. 2 Numbering of amino acids in the mature protein. 3 IRES - Internal Ribosome Entry Site. 4 INS – Insertion. 5 DEL – Deletion. There are errors in Table 4. Please see the corrected Table 4 here. 10.1371/journal.pone.0092719.t004 Table 4 Adaptive mutations observed in the P2 and P3 regions of EV71:TLLm and EV71:TLLmv viral genomes. EV71:BS vs EV71:TLLm6 EV71:BS vs EV71:TLLmv11 Amino acid changes Amino acid changes Genome region Nucleotide changes Polyprotein7 Mature protein 8 Genome region Nucleotide changes Polyprotein Mature protein 2A G 3722 A G 992 E G 130 E 2A G 3722 A G 992 E G 130 E 2C A 4366 G T 1207 A T 96 A 2C A 4366 G T 1207 A T 96 A 3A C 5117 T A 1457 V A 17 V 3B T 5357 C L 1537 P L 11 P 3B T 5357 C L 1537 P L 11 P 3C A 5557 G I 1604 V I 56 V 3C A 5557 G I 1604 V I 56 V A 5569 G I 1608 V I 60 V A 5569 G I 1608 V I 60 V 3D A 6211 G N 1822 D N 91 D 3D A 6070 T T 1775 S T 44 S9 T 6835 A S 2030 T S 299 T4 T 6137 C V 1797 A V 66 A3 A 7128 T R 2127 S R 396 S5 A 6211 G N 1822 D N 91 D T 7247 C V 2167 A V 436 A5 C 6404 G S 1886 C S 155 C T 6592 G W 1949 G W 218 G10 T 6835 A S 2030 T S 299 T4 A 7128 T R 2127 S R 396 S11 T 7247 C V 2167 A V 436 A5 6 Mutations are based on alignment with the reference EV71:BS genome. 7 Numbering of amino acids in the uncleaved polyprotein prior to maturation. 8 Numbering of amino acids in the mature protein. 9 Mutation located in the Ring finger domain of the RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase. 10 Mutation located in the Palm domain of the RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase. 11 Mutation located in the Thumb domain of the RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase.

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          Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics of Novel Mouse Cell Line (NIH/3T3)-Adapted Human Enterovirus 71 Strains (EV71:TLLm and EV71:TLLmv)

          Since its identification in 1969, Enterovirus 71 (EV71) has been causing periodic outbreaks of infection in children worldwide and most prominently in the Asia-Pacific Region. Understanding the pathogenesis of Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is hampered by the virus’s inability to infect small animals and replicate in their derived in vitro cultured cells. This manuscript describes the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of two selected EV71 strains (EV71:TLLm and EV71:TLLmv), which have been adapted to replicate in mouse-derived NIH/3T3 cells, in contrast to the original parental virus which is only able to replicate in primate cell lines. The EV71:TLLm strain exhibited productive infection in all primate and rodent cell lines tested, while EV71:TLLmv exhibited greater preference for mouse cell lines. EV71:TLLmv displayed higher degree of adaptation and temperature adaptability in NIH/3T3 cells than in Vero cells, suggesting much higher fitness in NIH/3T3 cells. In comparison with the parental EV71:BS strain, the adapted strains accumulated multiple adaptive mutations in the genome resulting in amino acid substitutions, most notably in the capsid-encoding region (P1) and viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (3D). Two mutations, E167D and L169F, were mapped to the VP1 canyon that binds the SCARB2 receptor on host cells. Another two mutations, S135T and K140I, were located in the VP2 neutralization epitope spanning amino acids 136–150. This is the first report of human EV71 with the ability to productively infect rodent cell lines in vitro.
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            Journal
            PLoS One
            PLoS ONE
            plos
            plosone
            PLoS ONE
            Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
            1932-6203
            2014
            30 October 2014
            : 9
            : 10
            : e112334
            Article
            PONE-D-14-46550
            10.1371/journal.pone.0112334
            4214789
            25356820
            1f455c5e-7479-456d-8c2a-d356f428c65c
            Copyright @ 2014

            This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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