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Relapses of Plasmodium vivax infection usually result from activation of heterologous hypnozoites.
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Abstract
Relapses originating from hypnozoites are characteristic of Plasmodium vivax infections. Thus, reappearance of parasitemia after treatment can result from relapse, recrudescence, or reinfection. It has been assumed that parasites causing relapse would be a subset of the parasites that caused the primary infection.