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      3-M Syndrome: A Local Case Report

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          Abstract

          Patient: Male, 3

          Final Diagnosis: 3-M syndrome

          Symptoms: Severe growth retardation • dysmorphic features and skeletal abnormalities

          Medication: None

          Clinical Procedure: None

          Specialty: Pediatric Neurology

          Objective:

          Rare disease

          Background:

          3-M syndrome is an uncommon disease characterized by severe growth retardation, dysmorphic features, and skeletal abnormalities. Radiographic images may show delayed bone maturation long slender tubular bones, and tall vertebral bodies. Due to the inheritance mode of 3-M syndrome disease, early diagnosis is vital for genetic counseling.

          Case Report:

          In this case report, we present the case of a 3-year-old male patient who was referred to our clinic for development assessment due to delayed development, particularly speech, who had clinical outcomes of 3-M syndrome.

          Conclusions:

          The aim of the case report is to add this new patient to the literature on 3-M syndrome.

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          Most cited references5

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          Clinical, molecular and histopathological features of short stature syndrome with novel CUL7 mutation in Yakuts: new population isolate in Asia.

          In total, 43 patients having short stature syndrome in 37 Yakut families with autosomal recessive prenatal and postnatal nonprogressive growth failure and facial dysmorphism but with normal intelligence have been identified. Because Yakuts are considered as a population isolate and the disease is rare in other populations, genomewide homozygosity mapping was performed using 763 microsatellite markers and candidate gene approach in the critical region to identify the causative gene for the short stature syndrome in Yakut. All families shared an identical haplotype in the same region as the identical loci responsible for 3-M and gloomy face syndromes and a novel homozygous 4582insT mutation in Cullin 7 (CUL7) was found, which resulted in a frameshift mutation and the formation of a subsequent premature stop codon at 1553 (Q1553X). Yakut patients with short stature syndrome have unique features such as a high frequency of neonatal respiratory distress and few bone abnormalities, whereas the clinical features of the other Yakut patients were similar to those of 3-M syndrome. Furthermore, abnormal vascularisation was present in the fetal placenta and an abnormal development of cartilage tissue in the bronchus of a fetus with CUL7 mutation. These findings may provide a new understanding of the clinical diversity and pathogenesis of short stature syndrome with CUL7 mutation.
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            3M Syndrome: A Report of Four Cases in Two Families

            3M syndrome is a rare entity characterized by severe growth retardation, dysmorphic features and skeletal changes as its major components. It is differentiated from other types of dwarfism by its clinical features and by the typical slender long bones and foreshortened vertebral bodies that can be visualized radiographically. 3M syndrome has an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. An early diagnosis is important for genetic counseling. In this report, we present four children (3 males, 1 female) from two families who were aged between 411/12 and 1011/12 years and had clinical findings of 3M syndrome. One of these patients had received growth hormone (GH) treatment which was discontinued due to an inadequate height gain. Physicians should be aware of this entity in the differential diagnosis of children with severe short stature and mild skeletal changes. Conflict of interest:None declared.
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              The 3-M syndrome: a heritable low birthweight dwarfism

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Am J Case Rep
                Am J Case Rep
                amjcaserep
                The American Journal of Case Reports
                International Scientific Literature, Inc.
                1941-5923
                2019
                09 January 2019
                : 20
                : 36-38
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Pediatric Neurology, Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
                [2 ]Department of Neurolphysiology, Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
                Author notes

                Authors’ Contribution:

                [A]

                Study Design

                [B]

                Data Collection

                [C]

                Statistical Analysis

                [D]

                Data Interpretation

                [E]

                Manuscript Preparation

                [F]

                Literature Search

                [G]

                Funds Collection

                Conflict of interest: None declared

                Corresponding Author: Hafiz HabibUllah, e-mail: hafiz.HabibUllah@ 123456kfsh.med.sa
                Article
                912736
                10.12659/AJCR.912736
                6335979
                30622233
                1f4b3919-6ae3-4409-a77c-bb53d13a6c64
                © Am J Case Rep, 2019

                This work is licensed under Creative Common Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International ( CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

                History
                : 14 August 2018
                : 21 September 2018
                Categories
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                lead poisoning, nervous system, childhood,musculoskeletal abnormalities,pediatric assistants

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