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      THE ROLE OF POLAR ORGANIC COMPONENTS IN DYNAMIC CRUDE OIL ADSORPTION ON SANDSTONES AND CARBONATES Translated title: EL ROL DE LOS COMPONENTES ORGÁNICOS POLARES EN LA ADSORCIÓN DINÁMICA DE PETRÓLEO CRUDO EN ARENISCAS Y CARBONATOS

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT An appropriated wettability characterization is crucial for the successful implementation of waterflooding operations. Understanding how crude oil adsorption takes place on different mineral surfaces and how these processes impact reservoir wettability are essential aspects that can help unlock and produce large underground oil reserves. Polar organic components (POC) present in crude oil are surface-active molecules with high affinity towards mineral surfaces. POCs are quantified by the acid and base numbers (AN and BN) with units of mgKOH/g. The POC adsorption behavior is highly influenced by the type of minerals and brines present in the reservoir system. This study aims to shed light onto the most important features of oil adsorption on carbonates and sandstones mineral surfaces; particular attention is given to the role of acidic components. Therefore, outcrop sandstone and carbonate materials were used. The sandstone material contains various silicates, including quartz, Illite clay, and feldspars. The carbonate outcrop material came from the Stevns Klint quarry in Denmark and is considered a very pure calcium carbonate with minimum silicate impurities. Dynamic adsorption tests were performed at 50°C by injecting low asphaltene crude oils into core plugs, and AN and BN values of the effluent oil samples were measured and compared with the influent oil values. Furthermore, spontaneous imbibition (SI) tests were performed to assess the wettability impact of crude oil injection in oil flooded cores. The results showed that after crude oil injection, the cores became mix-wet. Confirmation of a reduction in capillary forces and a shift towards a less water-wet state was reported for both mineralogies, i.e., sandstones and carbonates. The acidic polar components had a substantial impact on carbonates wettability, while on sandstones, the experiments suggested that acidic polar components had a lower impact on wettability than that observed in the basic polar components.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Una caracterización apropiada de la mojabilidad es crucial para la implementación exitosa de las operaciones de inyección de agua en sistemas de yacimientos petrolíferos. Comprender cómo se lleva a cabo la adsorción de crudo en diferentes superficies minerales y cómo estos procesos afectan la mojabilidad del yacimiento son aspectos esenciales que pueden ayudar a desbloquear y producir grandes reservas de petróleo en el subsuelo. Los compuestos polares orgánicos (POC), por su sigla en inglés, presentes en el crudo son moléculas tensoactivas con alta afinidad hacia las superficies minerales. Los POC se cuantifican a través de los números ácido y base (AN y BN) con unidades de mgKOH/g. El comportamiento de adsorción de los POC está influenciado por el tipo de minerales y salmueras presentes en el sistema del yacimiento a caracterizar. Este estudio tiene como objetivo arrojar luz sobre las características más importantes de la adsorción de crudo en las superficies minerales puras de carbonatos y areniscas. Por lo tanto, se utilizaron materiales de afloramiento. El material de arenisca contiene varios silicatos, incluidos cuarzo, arcilla de tipo illita y feldespatos. El material del afloramiento de carbonato proviene de la cantera Stevns Klint en Dinamarca y se considera un carbonato de calcio muy puro con un mínimo de impurezas de silicato. Se realizaron pruebas de adsorción dinámica a 50°C en núcleos mediante la inyección de crudos con bajo contenido de asfaltenos, se midieron los valores de AN y BN de las muestras del efluente de crudo, y se compararon con los valores de petróleo previos a la inyección. Además, se realizaron pruebas de imbibición espontánea (SI), por sus siglas en inglés, para evaluar el impacto de la inyección de crudo en la mojabilidad de los núcleos usados. Los resultados mostraron que después de la inyección de crudo, los núcleos obtuvieron una mojabilidad mixta. Esto se confirmó al observar una reducción en las fuerzas capilares y un cambio hacia un estado menos mojado al agua para ambas mineralogías, i.e., areniscas y carbonatos. Los compuestos polares ácidos (AN) tuvieron un impacto significativo en la mojabilidad de los carbonatos, mientras que, en las areniscas, los resultados sugieren que los compuestos polares ácidos (AN) tuvieron un menor impacto en la mojabilidad que el observado en los compuestos polares básicos (BN).

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          Most cited references46

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          Wettability alteration and improved oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition of seawater into chalk: Impact of the potential determining ions Ca2+, Mg2+, and SO42−

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            Observations Relating to the Wettability of Porous Rock

            Earl Amott (1959)
            Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Vol. 216, 1959, pages 156–162.Paper presented at Fall Meeting of Los Angeles Basin Section in Los Angeles, Calif., Oct. 16–17, 1958. Abstract A test is described in which the wettability of porous rock is measured as a function of the displacement properties of the rock-water-oil system. Four displacement operations are carried out:spontaneous displacement of water by oil,forced displacement of water by oil in the same system using a centrifuging procedure,spontaneous displacement of oil by water, andforced displacement of oil by water. Ratios of the spontaneous displacement volumes to the total displacement volumes are used as wettability indices.Cores having clean mineral surfaces (strongly preferentially water-wet) show displacement-by-water ratios approaching 1.00 and displacement-by-oil ratios of zero. Cores which are strongly preferentially oil-wet give the reverse results. Neutral wettability cores show zero values for both ratios. Fresh cores from different oil reservoirs have shown wettabilities in this test covering almost the complete range of the test. However, most of the fresh California cores tested were slightly preferentially water-wet. The changes in core wettabilities, as indicated by this test, resulting from various core handling procedures were observed. In some cases the wettabilities of fresh cores were changed by drying or by extracting with toluene or dioxane; in other cases they were not changed. Contact of cores with filtrates from water-base drilling muds caused little change in wettability while contact with filtrates from oil-base muds decreased the preference of the cores for water. Using this test to evaluate wettability, a study was made of the correlation of wettability with waterflood oil recovery for outcrop Ohio sandstone and for Alundum. Results indicate that no single correlation between these factors applies to different porous rock systems. It is thought that differences in pore geometry result in differences in this correlation.
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              Adsorption of Carboxylic Acids on Reservoir Minerals From Organic and Aqueous Phase

              Adsorption of organic acids onto North Sea chalk and pure minerals from a hydrocarbon phase and an aqueous phase show that the maximum adsorption is larger for calcite than for silicate surfaces in the hydrocarbon phase. The opposite is observed, however, in the aqueous phase. This suggests that the available silicate surfaces and oil/water ratio may play a role in the wettability of chalk.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ctyf
                CT&F - Ciencia, Tecnología y Futuro
                C.T.F Cienc. Tecnol. Futuro
                Instituto Colombiano del Petróleo (ICP) - ECOPETROL S.A. (Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia )
                0122-5383
                2382-4581
                December 2020
                : 10
                : 2
                : 5-16
                Affiliations
                [2] orgnameThe National IOR Centre of Norway Norway
                [1] orgnameUniversity of Stavanger
                Article
                S0122-53832020000200005 S0122-5383(20)01000200005
                10.29047/01225383.251
                1f9718ac-cf2b-437c-9036-a81ac892f436

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 31 March 2020
                : 14 October 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 54, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Original articles

                Dynamic adsorption,componentes orgánicos polares,sandstones,EOR,fuerzas capilares,waterflooding,carbonatos,crude oil,Inundación,areniscas,Wettability,petróleo,capillary forces,carbonates,Adsorción dinámica,polar organic components,Humectabilidad,Smarwater,adsorption,smartwater,adsorción

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