Objective To understand physical fitness of middle school students from 4 minorities in Yunnan Province and to provide the basis for the development of physical health promotion for minority middle school students.
Methods Data of physical fitness of students aged 13–18 years from the nationality of Jino, Lahu, Blang, Jingpo and Han in Yunnan Province collected during Sept. to Nov. of 2014 were analyzed. Comparative analysis was performed regarding body shape, function and quality indexes.
Results For total scores of physical fitness test, proportions of excellent and good scores were highest in the Jingpo nationality (10.8%, 57.7%), followed by the Jino nationality (6.7%, 57.4%), the Blang nationality (3.0%, 30.3%) and the Lahu nationality (0.9%, 15.9%); proportions of excellent and good scores in boys were highest in the Jingpo nationality (20.1%, 54.0%), followed by the Jino nationality (6.4%, 43.9%), the Blang nationality (5.0%, 29.8%) and the Lahu nationality (1.5%, 18.1%); for girls, highest in the Jino nationality (7.1%, 71.1%) , followed by the Jingpo nationality (2.4%, 61.0%) , the Blang nationality (1.5%, 30.7%) and the Lahu nationality (0.5%, 14.4%). When compared with students from the Han nationality (5.1% excellent, 40.0% good) , the Jingpo nationality and the Jino nationality showed higher overall scores while the Blang nationality and the Lahu nationality showed lower overall scores ( Z =9.50, 11.92, –11.54, –28.34, P<0.01).
Conclusion Significant differences in physical fitness are observed in students with different minority background. Targeted measures should be proposed to promote physical health for minority students.
【摘要】 目的 了解云南省 4 个少数民族中学生体质健康现状,为制定少数民族中学生体质健康干预措施提供依 据。 方法 采用分层随机整群抽样法,选取 2014 年 9—11 月对云南省基诺族、拉祜族、布朗族、景颇族和汉族 13 〜 18 岁学 生体质状况调研的基础数据,对身体形态、功能、素质指标进行观察及比较分析。 结果 4 个少数民族学生体质测试总分 的比较中,体质测试总分优秀、良好比例由高到低依次是景颇族 (10.8%, 57.7%)、基诺族 (6.7%, 57.4%)、布朗族 (3.0%, 30.3%)、拉祜族 (0.9%, 15.9%); 4 个少数民族男生体质测试总分优秀、良好比例由高到低依次是景颇族 (20.1%, 54.0%)、基诺族 (6.4%, 43.9%)、布朗族 (5.0%, 29.8%)、拉祜族 (1.5%, 18.1%) ; 4 个少数民族女生体质测试总分优秀、良好比例由 高到低依次是基诺族 (7.1%, 71.1% 0、景颇族 (2.4%, 61.0% 0、布朗族 (1.5%, 30.7% 0、拉祜族 (0.5%, 14.4% 0; 4 个少数民族 学生体质测试总分与汉族学生相比 (优秀 5.1%, 良好40.0%), 景颇族和基诺族总体高于汉族, 布朗族和拉祜族总体低于汉 族 ( Z 值分别为 9.50, 11.92, -11.54, -28.34, P 值均<0.01)。 结论 少数民族学生体质发展中存在着差异性。应针对性地 提出发展对策, 促进民族学生体质健康发展。