Oocyte  in vitro  maturation: A sytematic review

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Abstract

In vitro maturation (IVM) is one of the most controversial aspects of assisted reproductive technology. Although it has been studied extensively, it is still not a conventional treatment option and is accepted as an alternative treatment. However, studies have shown that IVM can be used in almost all areas where in vitro fertilization (IVF) is used and it has a strong place in fertility protection and Ovarian Hyperstimulation syndrome management. The aim of this systematic review was to address all aspects of the current knowledge of IVM treatment together with the evolution of IVM and IVF.

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Oocyte-secreted factors: regulators of cumulus cell function and oocyte quality.

Robert B. Gilchrist, Michelle Lane, Jeremy G B Thompson (2008)

Oocyte quality is a key limiting factor in female fertility, yet we have a poor understanding of what constitutes oocyte quality or the mechanisms governing it. The ovarian follicular microenvironment and maternal signals, mediated primarily through granulosa cells (GCs) and cumulus cells (CCs), are responsible for nurturing oocyte growth, development and the gradual acquisition of oocyte developmental competence. However, oocyte-GC/CC communication is bidirectional with the oocyte secreting potent growth factors that act locally to direct the differentiation and function of CCs. Two important oocyte-secreted factors (OSFs) are growth-differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15, which activate signaling pathways in CCs to regulate key genes and cellular processes required for CC differentiation and for CCs to maintain their distinctive phenotype. Hence, oocytes appear to tightly control their neighboring somatic cells, directing them to perform functions required for appropriate development of the oocyte. This oocyte-CC regulatory loop and the capacity of oocytes to regulate their own microenvironment by OSFs may constitute important components of oocyte quality. In support of this notion, it has recently been demonstrated that supplementing oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) media with exogenous OSFs improves oocyte developmental potential, as evidenced by enhanced pre- and post-implantation embryo development. This new perspective on oocyte-CC interactions is improving our knowledge of the processes regulating oocyte quality, which is likely to have a number of applications, including improving the efficiency of clinical IVM and thereby providing new options for the treatment of infertility.

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Oocyte generation in adult mammalian ovaries by putative germ cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood.

Jonathan L. Tilly, L Cortes, Jessamyn Bagley … (2005)

It has been suggested that germline stem cells maintain oogenesis in postnatal mouse ovaries. Here we show that adult mouse ovaries rapidly generate hundreds of oocytes, despite a small premeiotic germ cell pool. In considering the possibility of an extragonadal source of germ cells, we show expression of germline markers in bone marrow (BM). Further, BM transplantation restores oocyte production in wild-type mice sterilized by chemotherapy, as well as in ataxia telangiectasia-mutated gene-deficient mice, which are otherwise incapable of making oocytes. Donor-derived oocytes are also observed in female mice following peripheral blood transplantation. Although the fertilizability and developmental competency of the BM and peripheral blood-derived oocytes remain to be established, their morphology, enclosure within follicles, and expression of germ-cell- and oocyte-specific markers collectively support that these cells are bona fide oocytes. These results identify BM as a potential source of germ cells that could sustain oocyte production in adulthood.

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In vitro maturation and the fertilization and developmental competence of oocytes recovered from untreated polycystic ovarian patients.

Gavin Wood, A Kausche, A Trounson (1994)

To determine the maturational and developmental competence of immature oocytes recovered in situ from anovulatory and ovulatory patients with polycystic ovaries (PCO). A newly designed method for recovery of immature oocytes from 2 to 10 mm follicles by transvaginal ultrasound or laparoscopy was used to compare the recovery and maturation of oocytes from 9 anovulatory polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients and 10 ovulatory patients without polycystic ovaries (PCO) (experiment 1). In a second study (experiment 2), we compared the maturation, fertilization, and development of oocytes recovered from another 10 anovulatory PCOS and 13 ovulatory PCO patients. Two types of culture methods and time intervals for maturation were also examined. In experiment 1, a significantly higher number of immature oocytes were recovered from PCOS patients (15.3) compared with non-PCO patients (2.8). Sixty-five percent of oocytes cultured in medium with gonadotropins, estrogen, and fetal calf serum matured to metaphase II by 43 to 47 hours, and 81% were mature at 48 to 54 hours of culture. Thirty-four percent of the inseminated oocytes fertilized and 56% of the cultured pronuclear oocytes cleaved to eight cells or more. In experiment 2, there was no significant difference between anovulatory PCOS and ovulatory PCO patients in the number of oocytes recovered or their maturation, fertilization, and development. There was no difference between oocytes matured in medium or in coculture with mature granulosa cells, with or without added hCG. However, significantly fewer oocytes were immature and more fertilized when oocytes were inseminated after 34.5 to 35.5 hours of maturation than 29.5 to 32.5 hours of maturation. A pregnancy and the birth of a normal baby occurred in one of the anovulatory PCOS patient receiving an abbreviated steroid replacement protocol after ET. Immature oocyte recovery could be developed as a new method for the treatment of women with infertility due to PCO because the oocytes of these patients retain their maturational and developmental competence.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Turk J Obstet Gynecol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Turk J Obstet Gynecol

Journal ID (publisher-id): TJOD

Title: Turkish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Publisher: Galenos Publishing

ISSN (Print): 2149-9322

ISSN (Electronic): 2149-9330

Publication date (Print): June 2018

Publication date (Electronic): 21 June 2018

Volume: 15

Issue: 2

Pages: 112-125

Affiliations

[1 ]Medicana International Hospital, In Vitro Fertilization Center, Samsun, Turkey

[2 ]Koç University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, In Vitro Fertilization Center, İstanbul, Turkey

[3 ]Mc Gill University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Quebec, Canada

[4 ]Originelle Women and Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Author notes

* Address for Correspondence: Medicana International Hospital, In Vitro Fertilization Center, Samsun, Turkey Phone: +90 533 237 29 22 E-mail: safakhatirnaz@ 123456gmail.com

Author information

Şafak Hatırnaz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8859-0639

Barış Ata https://orcid.org/

Ebru Saynur Hatırnaz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-948X

Michael Haim Dahan https://orcid.org/

Samer Tannus https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4679-1851

Justin Tan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3701-2382

Seang Lin Tan https://orcid.org/

Article

Publisher ID: 18787

DOI: 10.4274/tjod.23911

PMC ID: 6022428

PubMed ID: 29971189

SO-VID: 20129ed7-bc73-49a5-8aa8-c220eca0ab8e

License:

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date received : 8 April 2018

Date accepted : 26 April 2018

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Oocyte in vitro maturation: A sytematic review

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Most cited references 140

Oocyte-secreted factors: regulators of cumulus cell function and oocyte quality.

Oocyte generation in adult mammalian ovaries by putative germ cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood.

In vitro maturation and the fertilization and developmental competence of oocytes recovered from untreated polycystic ovarian patients.

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Cited by 25

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