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      Expression of Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain B (SMemb) in Rat Allogeneic Kidney Transplantation

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          Abstract

          Background/Aim: Investigators have reported that the nonmuscle myosin heavy chain B (SMemb) expression is enhanced in various types of glomerular diseases which develop into nephrosclerosis. In renal transplantation, transplant glomerulitis is often recognized during acute rejection. Therefore, we hypothesized that SMemb plays important roles in acute kidney rejection. To evaluate the role of SMemb in the development of kidney rejection, we examined its expression in rat kidney transplantation models. Methods: We used Lewis rats as recipients and Wistar rats as donors. Group I: controls; group II: isograft model; group III: allograft model; group IV: as group III +10 mg/kg/day of ciclosporin A (CsA), and group V: as group III + CsA administration for 5 days postoperatively. Histopathological and SMemb immunohistochemical studies were completed. Results: Clear enhancement of SMemb expression was found on day 3 in group III. In groups I, II, IV, and V, SMemb was faintly expressed in the glomerular cells. However, after termination of CsA treatment, the SMemb expression increased. The expression of SMemb was higher in the allograft model than in either isograft or CsA-treated models. Conclusions: Immunohistological investigations show that the SMemb expression was significant from an early stage at which histopathological reactions were hardly identifiable. This, therefore, could be useful for an earlier diagnosis of acute rejection.

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          Mesangial Expression of a Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain, SMemb, Is Associated with Glomerular Sclerosis and Renal Prognosis in IgA Nephropathy

          To characterize the phenotypic alteration in mesangial cells in human glomerulonephritis, we investigated the expression of nonmuscle-type myosin heavy chain, SMemb, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SM actin) in IgA nephropathy. The expression of SMemb and α-SM actin was examined by immunohistochemistry in biopsy specimens from 45 patients with IgA nephropathy. We examined a total of 489 glomeruli representing all patients enrolled, and found that mesangial expression of SMemb and α-SM actin was associated with mesangial proliferation. Only mesangial expression of SMemb showed a significant relationship with mesangial matrix accumulation. Semiquantitative evaluation using composite expression scores showed that the expression of SMemb was elevated in the patients with poor renal prognosis. The expression of α-SM actin showed no significant relationship with renal prognosis. These results suggest that mesangial expression of SMemb is an important factor in the progression of IgA nephropathy, and that SMemb and α-SM actin are associated with the activation of mesangial cells by different mechanisms.
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            Glomerular Nonmuscle-Type Myosin Heavy-Chain Isoform Gene Expression in Glomerulosclerosis

            This study was designed to assess how the glomerular expression of the nonmuscle-type myosin heavy-chain isoform, SMemb, is regulated in rats with focal glomerulosclerosis induced by puromycin aminonucleoside. SMemb was barely detectable in control glomeruli. On day 48 of focal glomerulosclerosis, SMemb was expressed in mesangial area and glomerular epithelial cells. When glomerulosclerosis became prominent on day 80, SMemb stained immunohistochemically in a focal segmental pattern in the sclerotic glomeruli. SMemb-expressing cells did not always express α-smooth muscle actin. In Northern blot analysis, SMemb mRNA was not detected in control glomeruli, whereas it was transiently upregulated in glomeruli on day 48 in rats with focal glomerulosclerosis. The mRNA levels of SMemb were thereafter gradually downregulated by day 80; however, they remained higher than those of control glomeruli. These data suggest that glomerular embryonic nonmuscle-type myosin heavy chain is abnormally regulated in glomerulosclerosis and that glomerulosclerosis may be associated with dedifferentiation of not only the mesangial cells, but also the other resident glomerular cells.
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              Author and article information

              Journal
              NEF
              Nephron
              10.1159/issn.1660-8151
              Nephron
              S. Karger AG
              1660-8151
              2235-3186
              2002
              June 2002
              03 June 2002
              : 91
              : 2
              : 316-323
              Affiliations
              aDepartment of Urology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, b1st Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano, and cDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
              Article
              58410 Nephron 2002;91:316–323
              10.1159/000058410
              12053071
              2014082a-75b3-4ec9-8e59-226f95aa5592
              © 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel

              Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

              History
              Page count
              Figures: 3, Tables: 4, References: 18, Pages: 8
              Categories
              Original Paper

              Cardiovascular Medicine,Nephrology
              Ciclosporin A,Acute renal rejection,Nonmuscle myosin heavy chain B (SMemb),Rat kidney transplantation,Isograft,Allograft

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