Essential oils of aromatic Egyptian plants repel nymphs of the tick Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae)

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Abstract

Due to the role of Ixodes ricinus (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae) in the transmission of many serious pathogens, personal protection against bites of this tick is essential. In the present study the essential oils from 11 aromatic Egyptian plants were isolated and their repellent activity against I. ricinus nymphs was evaluated Three oils (i.e. Conyza dioscoridis L., Artemisia herba-alba Asso and Calendula officinalis L.) elicited high repellent activity in vitro of 94, 84.2 and 82%, respectively. The most active essential oil ( C. dioscoridis) was applied in the field at a concentration of 6.5 µg/cm ² and elicited a significant repellent activity against I. ricinus nymphs by 61.1%. The most repellent plants C. dioscoridis, C. officinalis and A. herba-alba yielded essential oils by 0.17, 0.11 and 0.14%, respectively. These oils were further investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. α-Cadinol (10.7%) and hexadecanoic acid (10.5%) were the major components of C. dioscoridis whereas in C. officinalis, α-cadinol (21.2%) and carvone (18.2%) were major components. Artemisia herba-alba contained piperitone (26.5%), ethyl cinnamate (9.5%), camphor (7.7%) and hexadecanoic acid (6.9%). Essential oils of these three plants have a potential to be used for personal protection against tick bites.

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Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of basil (Ocimum basilicum) essential oils depends on seasonal variations.

Abdullah Ijaz Hussain, Farooq Anwar, Syed Hussain Sherazi … (2008)

Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils from aerial parts of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) as affected by four seasonal, namely summer, autumn, winter and spring growing variation were investigated. The hydro-distilled essential oils content ranged from 0.5% to 0.8%, the maximum amounts were observed in winter while minimum in summer. The essential oils consisted of linalool as the most abundant component (56.7-60.6%), followed by epi-α-cadinol (8.6-11.4%), α-bergamotene (7.4-9.2%) and γ-cadinene (3.2-5.4%). Samples collected in winter were found to be richer in oxygenated monoterpenes (68.9%), while those of summer were higher in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (24.3%). The contents of most of the chemical constituents varied significantly (p<0.05) with different seasons. The essential oils investigated, exhibited good antioxidant activity as measurements by DPPH free radical-scavenging ability, bleaching β-carotene in linoleic acid system and inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the essential oils and linalool, the most abundant component, against bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pasteurella multocida and pathogenic fungi Aspergillus niger, Mucor mucedo, Fusarium solani, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Rhizopus solani was assessed by disc diffusion method and measurement of determination of minimum inhibitory concentration. The results of antimicrobial assays indicated that all the tested microorganisms were affected. Both the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the oils varied significantly (p<0.05), as seasons changed.

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Climate and environmental change drives Ixodes ricinus geographical expansion at the northern range margin

Solveig Jore, Sophie O. Vanwambeke, Hildegunn Viljugrein … (2014)

Background Global environmental change is causing spatial and temporal shifts in the distribution of species and the associated diseases of humans, domesticated animals and wildlife. In the on-going debate on the influence of climate change on vectors and vector-borne diseases, there is a lack of a comprehensive interdisciplinary multi-factorial approach utilizing high quality spatial and temporal data. Methods We explored biotic and abiotic factors associated with the latitudinal and altitudinal shifts in the distribution of Ixodes ricinus observed during the last three decades in Norway using antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum in sheep as indicators for tick presence. Samples obtained from 2963 sheep from 90 farms in 3 ecologically different districts during 1978 – 2008 were analysed. We modelled the presence of antibodies against A. phagocytophilum to climatic-, environmental and demographic variables, and abundance of wild cervids and domestic animals, using mixed effect logistic regressions. Results Significant predictors were large diurnal fluctuations in ground surface temperature, spring precipitation, duration of snow cover, abundance of red deer and farm animals and bush encroachment/ecotones. The length of the growth season, mean temperature and the abundance of roe deer were not significant in the model. Conclusions Our results highlight the need to consider climatic variables year-round to disentangle important seasonal variation, climatic threshold changes, climate variability and to consider the broader environmental change, including abiotic and biotic factors. The results offer novel insight in how tick and tick-borne disease distribution might be modified by future climate and environmental change.

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Carvone: Why and how should one bother to produce this terpene

Ana deCarvalho, M. Dafonseca (2006)

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Author and article information

Contributors

Hesham R. El-Seedi: hesham.el-seedi@fkog.uu.se

Anna-Karin Borg-Karlson: akbk@kth.se

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Exp Appl Acarol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Exp. Appl. Acarol

Title: Experimental & Applied Acarology

Publisher: Springer International Publishing (Cham )

ISSN (Print): 0168-8162

ISSN (Electronic): 1572-9702

Publication date (Electronic): 1 September 2017

Publication date PMC-release: 1 September 2017

Publication date (Print): 2017

Volume: 73

Issue: 1

Pages: 139-157

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9457, GRID grid.8993.b, Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biomedical Centre, , Uppsala University, ; Box 574, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2308 5949, GRID grid.10347.31, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, , University of Malaya, ; 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

[3 ]ISNI 0000000121581746, GRID grid.5037.1, Ecological Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, , KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, ; Stockholm, Sweden

[4 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0621 4712, GRID grid.411775.1, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, , El-Menoufia University, ; Shebin El Kom, Egypt

[5 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9284 9490, GRID grid.418920.6, Department of Chemistry, , COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, ; Abbottabad, 22060 Pakistan

[6 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2151 8157, GRID grid.419725.c, Agricultural Research Centre, ; Cairo, Egypt

[7 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0621 4712, GRID grid.411775.1, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, , El-Menoufia University, ; Shebin El-Kom, 32512 Egypt

[8 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9377, GRID grid.10548.38, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, , Stockholm University, ; Stockholm, 106 91 Sweden

[9 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2215 1297, GRID grid.412621.2, Quaid-i-Azam University, ; Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan

[10 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0639 9286, GRID grid.7776.1, Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, , Cairo University, ; Kasr el Aini St., P.B. 11562, Cairo, Egypt

[11 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1773 5396, GRID grid.56302.32, Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, , King Saud University, ; P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia

Article

Publisher ID: 165

DOI: 10.1007/s10493-017-0165-3

PMC ID: 5602041

PubMed ID: 28864886

SO-VID: 201b610b-f95e-4160-a9d9-2433de78bac7

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Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

History

Date received : 28 October 2016

Date accepted : 2 April 2017

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Entomology

Keywords: ixodes ricinus,essential oil,chemical composition,tick repellents,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,egyptian flora

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Entomology

Keywords: ixodes ricinus, essential oil, chemical composition, tick repellents, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, egyptian flora

Essential oils of aromatic Egyptian plants repel nymphs of the tick Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae)

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Abstract

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Ticks and tick-borne pathogens

Most cited references 48

Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of basil (Ocimum basilicum) essential oils depends on seasonal variations.

Climate and environmental change drives Ixodes ricinus geographical expansion at the northern range margin

Carvone: Why and how should one bother to produce this terpene

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