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      Research instruments on environmental quality applied to small children with Down Syndrome Translated title: Instrumentos de pesquisa sobre qualidade especial aplicados a crianças pequenas com Síndrome de Down

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          Abstract

          Abstract Children aged between 4 to 7 years play a minor role in academic studies in Architecture and Urbanism, a situation related to the difficulty of obtaining their opinions, especially those with intellectual disabilities, such as Children with Down Syndrome (CDS). Therefore, little is known about their perception of the built environment. For this to change, instruments should be developed in order to approach these children, which could contribute both to valuing their opinion and supporting the professional practice of architects. This finding led to exploratory, qualitative and interdisciplinary research to create research tools directed to young CDS, and obtain their opinion about the built environment. The study was based on: (a) literature review; (b) expert panels, comprising 10 parents and 28 professionals. Based on this information, three research instruments were prepared: Spatial Qualification Chart, Illustrated Cards and Make-believe in a Three-Dimensional Physical Model. They are tested with eleven CDS. The results showed that: (i) the proposed instruments fit the task; (ii) some care can facilitate the work with this public; (iii) the participating children perceive and qualify the space - which justifies new research endeavors with CDS.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Crianças com idade entre 4 e 7 anos pouco atuam como protagonistas em estudos acadêmicos em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, situação relacionada à dificuldade em ouvi-las, em especial aquelas com deficiência intelectual, como as crianças com Síndrome de Down (CSD). Logo, sua percepção acerca do ambiente construído é pouco conhecida. Para que isso se modifique, é necessário desenvolver instrumentos para abordagem dessas crianças, o que pode contribuir para valorizar sua opinião e para apoiar o exercício profissional de arquitetos. Essa constatação gerou uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório, qualitativo e interdisciplinar, visando criar instrumentos de pesquisa direcionados a crianças CSD pequenas, e obter sua opinião sobre o ambiente construído. O estudo baseou-se em: (a) revisão de literatura; (b) painéis de especialistas, abrangendo 10 pais e 28 profissionais. A partir das informações obtidas foram elaborados três instrumentos de pesquisa: Quadro de Qualificação Espacial, Cartões Ilustrados e Faz-de-conta em Modelo Físico Tridimensional. Estes instrumentos foram testados com onze CSD. Os resultados mostraram que: (i) os instrumentos propostos se adequam à tarefa; (ii) pequenos cuidados podem facilitar o trabalho com esse público; (iii) em geral as crianças participantes indicam perceber e qualificar o espaço - o que justifica novas pesquisas com CSD.

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          Most cited references64

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          Social Interactions and the Development of Social Concepts in Preschool Children

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            Social categories guide young children's preferences for novel objects.

            To whom do children look when deciding on their own preferences? To address this question, 3-year-old children were asked to choose between objects or activities that were endorsed by unfamiliar people who differed in gender, race (White, Black), or age (child, adult). In Experiment 1, children demonstrated robust preferences for objects and activities endorsed by children of their own gender, but less consistent preferences for objects and activities endorsed by children of their own race. In Experiment 2, children selected objects and activities favored by people of their own gender and age. In neither study did most children acknowledge the influence of these social categories. These findings suggest that gender and age categories are encoded spontaneously and influence children's preferences and choices. For young children, gender and age may be more powerful guides to preferences than race.
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              research with children: methodological issues and innovative techniques

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ac
                Ambiente Construído
                Ambient. constr.
                Associação Nacional de Tecnologia do Ambiente Construído - ANTAC (Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil )
                1415-8876
                1678-8621
                January 2021
                : 21
                : 1
                : 197-216
                Affiliations
                [2] São Paulo São Paulo orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [1] Guarapari Espírito Santo orgnameFaculdade Pitágoras Brazil
                [3] Natal Rio Grande do Norte orgnameUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
                Article
                S1678-86212021000100197 S1678-8621(21)02100100197
                10.1590/s1678-86212021000100502
                201d64d8-3c99-480f-bf8e-0ccf1199be21

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 July 2020
                : 27 May 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 69, Pages: 20
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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Full text available only in PDF format (EN)
                Categories
                Articles

                Down syndrome,Children with intelectual disabilities,Spatial quality,Methodological instruments,Síndrome de Down,Crianças com deficiêcia intellectual,Qualidade especial,Instrumentos metodológicos

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