Abstract: Three Dimensional Technology Assisted Facial Contour Surgeries Training: Standardized Practice

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: In Asia, an oval shaped face is highly desired. Therefore, facial contour surgeries including reduction gonioplasty, reduction malarplasty and genioplasty have become increasingly popular. However, the learning process for trainees is long with unpredictable skill acquirement. Computer assisted design (CAD) and computer assisted manufacture (CAM) have been advocated to reduce surgical challenges and help achieve favorable clinical results. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of our training model for facial contour surgery and the evaluated the effectiveness of 3D-printed surgical templates. METHODS: A 3D surgical model was established by creating a 3D printed skull covered with elastic cloth. 10 plastic surgery residents enrolled in the study. CAD was performed for all cases based on 3D CT data. The surgical templates were designed and printed out for the experimental group. Experimental/control group (n=5 each) performed facial contour surgeries on the surgical model with/without 3D surgical templates. The effectiveness of the surgical model was evaluated by a trainee-reported questionnaire. The surgery time, symmetry, surgical accuracy, and learning curve were recorded and compared between two groups. RESULTS: Trainees reported the training model to be very helpful (4.9). When using 3D surgical templates, the outcome symmetry and accuracy were significantly improved compared. The learning curve was also shortened in reduction gonioplasty, reduction malarplasty and genioplasty. CONCLUSION: Our training model may be considered as a plastic surgery educational tool for shortening the learning curve and improving outcomes in facial contour surgeries.