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      Dental anatomy of the apex predator Sinraptor dongi (Theropoda: Allosauroidea) from the Late Jurassic of China

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          Abstract

          The dental morphology of the holotype of the theropod Sinraptor dongi from the Jurassic Shishugou Formation of China is comprehensively described. We highlight a combination of dental features that appear to be restricted to Sinraptor: (i) crowns with denticulated mesial and distal carinae extending from the root and an irregular surface texture on the enamel; (ii) a D- to salinon-shaped cross-sectional outline at the crown base in mesialmost teeth; (iii) mesial crowns with mesial carinae spiraling mesiolingually and lingually positioned longitudinal groove adjacent to the mesial carina; and (iv) particularly labiolingually compressed lateral teeth with weakly labially deflected distal carinae, flat to concave basocentral surfaces of the labial margins of the crowns, and horizontally elongated distal denticles showing short to well-developed interdenticular sulci. Using cladistic, multivariate, discriminant, and cluster analyses, we demonstrate that the dentition of Sinraptor is relatively similar to that of ceratosaurids, megalosauroids, and other allosauroids and is particularly close to that of Allosaurus. The dental anatomy of Sinraptor and Allosaurus, which differs mainly in the labiolingual compression of the lateral crowns and in the number of premaxillary teeth, shows adaptations towards a predatory lifestyle, including premaxillary teeth capable of enduring tooth-to-bone contact and crowns with widely separated mesial and distal carinae capable of inflicting widely open wounds.

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          Most cited references61

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          On the Classification of the Fossil Animals Commonly Named Dinosauria

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            A new carnosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China

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              The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda)

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
                Can. J. Earth Sci.
                Canadian Science Publishing
                0008-4077
                1480-3313
                February 28 2020
                : 1-21
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg WITS 2050, South Africa.
                [2 ]Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
                [3 ]Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
                [4 ]School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.
                [5 ]Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 142 Xiwai Street, Beijing 100044, China.
                [6 ]Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, 142 Xiwai Street, Beijing 100044, China.
                [7 ]Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Station ‘D’, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada.
                Article
                10.1139/cjes-2019-0231
                20e05785-83d0-40fa-8970-b96782943fd2
                © 2020

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