Comparison of the antimicrobial and antivirulence activities of Sidr and Tualang honeys with Manuka honey against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>

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Abstract

Background and Objectives:

Honey is one of the oldest traditional remedies that has been widely utilized to cure a variety of human ailments. The objective of this research was to test and compare the antibacterial activity of Sidr honey (SH) and Tualang honey (TH) to that of Manuka honey (MH) against Staphylococcus aureus.

Materials and Methods:

The antibacterial activity of MH, SH and TH against S. aureus was investigated by agar well diffusion, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), time-kill curve, microtiter plate and RT-qPCR analysis.

Results:

Agar inhibition assay showed that MH possess highest total antibacterial activity against S. aureus with an inhibition zone 25.1 mm compared with that of SH (22.2 mm) and TH (21.3 mm). The findings showed that when compared to SH and TH (MIC: 25% and MBC: 50%), MH honey had the lowest MIC (12.5%) and MBC (25%). After S. aureus was exposed to MH, SH, and TH, there was a decrease in colony-forming unit as seen by the time-kill curve. The lowest concentration 20% of MH, SH and TH was significantly found to inhibit S. aureus biofilm. The RT-qPCR results revealed that all the selected genes in S. aureus were downregulated in gene expression following exposure to each of the tested honeys. Comparing the total antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antivirulence activities of all the tested honeys, MH demonstrated the greatest levels of these properties.

Conclusion:

According to this study, various types of each evaluated honey have the capacity to effectively suppress and modify the virulence of S. aureus via a variety of molecular targets.

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Most cited references 39

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Honey: its medicinal property and antibacterial activity.

Manisha Deb Mandal, Shyamapada Mandal (2011)

Indeed, medicinal importance of honey has been documented in the world's oldest medical literatures, and since the ancient times, it has been known to possess antimicrobial property as well as wound-healing activity. The healing property of honey is due to the fact that it offers antibacterial activity, maintains a moist wound condition, and its high viscosity helps to provide a protective barrier to prevent infection. Its immunomodulatory property is relevant to wound repair too. The antimicrobial activity in most honeys is due to the enzymatic production of hydrogen peroxide. However, another kind of honey, called non-peroxide honey (viz., manuka honey), displays significant antibacterial effects even when the hydrogen peroxide activity is blocked. Its mechanism may be related to the low pH level of honey and its high sugar content (high osmolarity) that is enough to hinder the growth of microbes. The medical grade honeys have potent in vitro bactericidal activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria causing several life-threatening infections to humans. But, there is a large variation in the antimicrobial activity of some natural honeys, which is due to spatial and temporal variation in sources of nectar. Thus, identification and characterization of the active principle(s) may provide valuable information on the quality and possible therapeutic potential of honeys (against several health disorders of humans), and hence we discussed the medicinal property of honeys with emphasis on their antibacterial activities.

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Traditional and Modern Uses of Natural Honey in Human Diseases: A Review

Tahereh Eteraf-Oskouei, Moslem Najafi (2013)

Honey is a by-product of flower nectar and the upper aero-digestive tract of the honey bee, which is concentrated through a dehydration process inside the bee hive. Honey has a very complex chemical composition that varies depending on the botanical source. It has been used both as food and medicine since ancient times. Human use of honey is traced to some 8000 years ago as depicted by Stone Age paintings. In addition to important role of natural honey in the traditional medicine, during the past few decades, it was subjected to laboratory and clinical investigations by several research groups and it has found a place in modern medicine. Honey has been reported to have an inhibitory effect on around 60 species of bacteria, some species of fungi and viruses. Antioxidant capacity of honey is important in many disease conditions and is due to a wide range of compounds including phenolics, peptides, organic acids, enzymes, and Maillard reaction products. Honey has also been used in some gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, inflammatory and neoplastic states. This review covers the composition, physico-chemical properties and the most important uses of natural honey in human diseases.

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Antibacterial components of honey.

Paulus Kwakman, Sebastian Zaat (2011)

The antibacterial activity of honey has been known since the 19th century. Recently, the potent activity of honey against antibiotic-resistant bacteria has further increased the interest for application of honey, but incomplete knowledge of the antibacterial activity is a major obstacle for clinical applicability. The high sugar concentration, hydrogen peroxide, and the low pH are well-known antibacterial factors in honey and more recently, methylglyoxal and the antimicrobial peptide bee defensin-1 were identified as important antibacterial compounds in honey. The antibacterial activity of honey is highly complex due to the involvement of multiple compounds and due to the large variation in the concentrations of these compounds among honeys. The current review will elaborate on the antibacterial compounds in honey. We discuss the activity of the individual compounds, their contribution to the complex antibacterial activity of honey, a novel approach to identify additional honey antibacterial compounds, and the implications of the novel developments for standardization of honey for medical applications. Copyright © 2011 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Iran J Microbiol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Iran J Microbiol

Journal ID (publisher-id): IJM

Title: Iranian Journal of Microbiology

Publisher: Tehran University of Medical Sciences

ISSN (Print): 2008-3289

ISSN (Electronic): 2008-4447

Publication date (Print): February 2023

Volume: 15

Issue: 1

Pages: 89-101

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

[2 ]Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan

[3 ]Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University College, Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan

[4 ]Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia

Author notes

[* ]Corresponding author: Abu Bakar Mohd Hilmi, Ph.D, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia., Tel: +6-099988548, Fax: +6-096687896, Email: mhilmiab@ 123456unisza.edu.my

Article

Publisher ID: IJM-15-89

DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v15i1.11923

PMC ID: 10105280

SO-VID: 2143838b-eb96-497b-bd17-c9c3186a20bc

License:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted, provided the original work is properly cited.

Comparison of the antimicrobial and antivirulence activities of Sidr and Tualang honeys with Manuka honey against Staphylococcus aureus

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Abstract

Background and Objectives:

Materials and Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Related collections

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Most cited references 39

Honey: its medicinal property and antibacterial activity.

Traditional and Modern Uses of Natural Honey in Human Diseases: A Review

Antibacterial components of honey.

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