Exclusive breastfeeding protects against postpartum migraine recurrence attacks?

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To observe postpartum migraine recurrence among migraine sufferers before pregnancy, its classifications and associated factors and to compare women, who were exclusively breastfeeding, with those that used other forms of infant feeding. METHODS: Out of 686 consecutively assisted women, at the first postnatal week, 266 were identified as migraine sufferers before pregnancy. Among those, one in five that were exclusively breastfeeding (53) and all the ones consecutively using others forms of infant feeding (40) were interviewed at the first and forth postpartum weeks. RESULTS: After multivariable analysis, exclusive breastfeeding, no breastfeeding problems, and low income were associated with decrease in migraine recurrence at the first postpartum week. At the fourth week, exclusive breastfeeding continued to be a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS: A decrease in postpartum migraine recurrence seems to be another advantage of exclusive breastfeeding.

Translated abstract

OBJETIVOS: Observar a recorrência de enxaqueca no período pós-parto em mulheres com enxaqueca antes da gestação, suas classificações e fatores associados e comparar mulheres que apenas amamentavam com aquelas que alimentavam seus filhos de outro modo. MÉTODOS: De 686 mulheres consecutivamente assistidas na primeira semana pós-parto, 266 foram identificadas como portadoras de enxaqueca antes da gestação. Destas, uma em cada cinco que se encontravam amamentando exclusivamente (53) e aquelas que usavam outras modalidades de alimentação (40) foram entrevistadas na primeira e quarta semanas pós-parto. RESULTADOS: Após análise multivariada, observou-se que praticar aleitamento materno exclusivo, não ter problemas relacionados à amamentação e ter baixa renda estavam associados à diminuição da recorrência da enxaqueca na primeira semana pós-parto. Na quarta semana, a prática do aleitamento materno exclusivo continuou sendo fator protetor em relação à enxaqueca. CONCLUSÕES: A diminuição da recorrência da enxaqueca pós-parto parece ser uma vantagem adicional do aleitamento materno exclusivo.

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Neuropeptides and social behaviour: effects of oxytocin and vasopressin in humans.

Markus Heinrichs, Gregor Domes (2008)

The fundamental ability to form attachment is indispensable for human social relationships. Impairments in social behaviour are associated with decreased quality of life and psychopathological states. In non-human mammals, the neuropeptides oxytocin (OXT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) are key mediators of complex social behaviours, including attachment, social recognition and aggression. In particular, OXT reduces behavioural and neuroendocrine responses to social stress and seems both to enable animals to overcome their natural avoidance of proximity and to inhibit defensive behaviour, thereby facilitating approach behaviour. AVP has primarily been implicated in male-typical social behaviours, including aggression and pair-bond formation, and mediates anxiogenic effects. Initial studies in humans suggest behavioural, neural, and endocrine effects of both neuropeptides, similar to those found in animal studies. This review focuses on advances made to date in the effort to understand the role of OXT and AVP in human social behaviour. First, the literature on OXT and AVP and their involvement in social stress and anxiety, social cognition, social approach, and aggression is reviewed. Second, we discuss clinical implications for mental disorders that are associated with social deficits (e.g. autism spectrum disorder, borderline personality disorder). Finally, a model of the interactions of anxiety and stress, social approach behaviour, and the oxytocinergic system is presented, which integrates the novel approach of a psychobiological therapy in psychopathological states.