Design of the Shunyi study on cardiovascular disease and age-related brain changes: a community-based, prospective, cohort study

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Abstract

Background

Rapid economic growth and increasing lifespan have contributed to an increasing burden of chronic non-communicable diseases in China. Population-based studies focusing on cardiovascular disease and age-related brain changes, with extensive clinical, genetic, and imaging data as well as a comprehensive evaluation of brain function are lacking in China. The Shunyi cohort study aimed to investigate the determinants and consequences of cardiovascular disease and age-related brain alterations among individuals residing in a rural area of Beijing.

Methods

This prospective, community-based study included individuals aged 35 years and older living in five villages in Shunyi, a rural district located 20 miles from urban Beijing. A total of 1,586 individuals were enrolled between June 2013 and September 2014. Biological samples and brain magnetic resonance images were collected along with baseline clinical data through face-to-face interviews. Whole exome sequencing and quantitative assessments of cognitive and motor function were performed.

Results

Among the 1,586 participants included, 40% were men, and the mean age of the cohort was 56.7±10.0 years. This population had a relatively low education level. A heavy burden of vascular risk factors with a low control rate was observed in the Shunyi population. Since 2017, the cohort has been followed up annually. As of October 2019, we had failed to obtain the follow-up data of five participants.

Conclusions

With an extensive range of clinical, genetic, and imaging data, the Shunyi cohort study has the potential to contribute significantly towards identifying the causes and consequences of cardiovascular disease and age-related brain changes in older people in China.

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Most cited references 39

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The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection.

J E Ware, C Sherbourne (1992)

A 36-item short-form (SF-36) was constructed to survey health status in the Medical Outcomes Study. The SF-36 was designed for use in clinical practice and research, health policy evaluations, and general population surveys. The SF-36 includes one multi-item scale that assesses eight health concepts: 1) limitations in physical activities because of health problems; 2) limitations in social activities because of physical or emotional problems; 3) limitations in usual role activities because of physical health problems; 4) bodily pain; 5) general mental health (psychological distress and well-being); 6) limitations in usual role activities because of emotional problems; 7) vitality (energy and fatigue); and 8) general health perceptions. The survey was constructed for self-administration by persons 14 years of age and older, and for administration by a trained interviewer in person or by telephone. The history of the development of the SF-36, the origin of specific items, and the logic underlying their selection are summarized. The content and features of the SF-36 are compared with the 20-item Medical Outcomes Study short-form.

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Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS): scale presentation and clinimetric testing results.

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We present a clinimetric assessment of the Movement Disorder Society (MDS)-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). The MDS-UDPRS Task Force revised and expanded the UPDRS using recommendations from a published critique. The MDS-UPDRS has four parts, namely, I: Non-motor Experiences of Daily Living; II: Motor Experiences of Daily Living; III: Motor Examination; IV: Motor Complications. Twenty questions are completed by the patient/caregiver. Item-specific instructions and an appendix of complementary additional scales are provided. Movement disorder specialists and study coordinators administered the UPDRS (55 items) and MDS-UPDRS (65 items) to 877 English speaking (78% non-Latino Caucasian) patients with Parkinson's disease from 39 sites. We compared the two scales using correlative techniques and factor analysis. The MDS-UPDRS showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.79-0.93 across parts) and correlated with the original UPDRS (rho = 0.96). MDS-UPDRS across-part correlations ranged from 0.22 to 0.66. Reliable factor structures for each part were obtained (comparative fit index > 0.90 for each part), which support the use of sum scores for each part in preference to a total score of all parts. The combined clinimetric results of this study support the validity of the MDS-UPDRS for rating PD.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Ann Transl Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Ann Transl Med

Journal ID (publisher-id): ATM

Title: Annals of Translational Medicine

Publisher: AME Publishing Company

ISSN (Print): 2305-5839

ISSN (Electronic): 2305-5847

Publication date (Print and electronic): December 2020

Publication date (Print): December 2020

Volume: 8

Issue: 23

Electronic Location Identifier: 1579

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing, China;

[2 ]Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing, China;

[3 ]Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing, China;

[4 ]Department of Ultrasound, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing, China

Author notes

Contributions: (I) Conception and design: YC Zhu, SY Zhang; (II) Administrative support: YC Zhu, SY Zhang; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: YC Zhu, LX Zhou; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: F Han, LX Zhou, J Ni, M Yao, FF Zhai, YT Liu, W Wu, HD Xue, ML Li, M Yang; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: F Han, LX Zhou, Q Dai, LY Cui, ZY Jin, YC Zhu; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors.

[#]

These authors contributed equally to this work.

[†]

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Correspondence to: Shu-Yang Zhang. Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing 100730, China. Email: shuyangzhang103@ 123456163.com ; Yi-Cheng Zhu. Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Beijing 100730, China. Email: zhuych910@ 123456163.com .

Article

Publisher ID: atm-08-23-1579

DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4195

PMC ID: 7791225

PubMed ID: 33437778

SO-VID: 21891bde-912e-4c15-bff5-11be1e42dc60

License:

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

History

Date received : 23 May 2020

Date accepted : 10 October 2020

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Design of the Shunyi study on cardiovascular disease and age-related brain changes: a community-based, prospective, cohort study

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Abstract

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Most cited references 39

Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging.

The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection.

Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS): scale presentation and clinimetric testing results.

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