16
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Epidemiological factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in postpartum women treated in the public healthcare system of Goiânia, State of Goiás, Brazil

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Abstract INTRODUCTION: Knowledge of the epidemiological profile and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection among postpartum women is a relevant issue, because this protozoan can be vertically transmitted to the developing fetus, which can cause severe and debilitating disease. The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in postpartum women in Goiânia, GO, Brazil. METHODS: This cross-sectional study comprised 229 postpartum women, among whom 204 were chronically infected (IgG+/IgM-), and 25 were seronegative (IgG-/IgM-; control group). All the patients were asked to complete a form to provide sociodemographic, clinical, dietary, and cultural information. The data were analyzed to compare seropositivity and risk factors based on the odds ratio (OR) thereof. RESULTS: The sociodemographic characteristics associated with the risk for toxoplasmosis were: education ≤ 8 years [OR: 2.521, confidence interval (CI): 1.01-6.301, p=0.049], and age ≥ 30 years (OR: 4.090; CI: 1.180-14.112, p=0.023). Clinical and behavioral characteristics related to eating raw and undercooked meat, were not found to be risk factors associated with a positive test for toxoplasmosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings concur with the results of other studies conducted in Brazil and abroad, where variables such as low levels of schooling, and advanced age (≥ 30 years) are major risk factors for pregnant women to become infected with T. gondii.

          Related collections

          Most cited references33

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Congenital toxoplasmosis and reinfection during pregnancy: case report, strain characterization, experimental model of reinfection, and review.

          We present a case of disseminated congenital toxoplasmosis in a newborn born to a mother who had been immunized against toxoplasmosis before conception. The mother was reinfected, likely by ingestion of imported raw horse meat during pregnancy. This clinical presentation is exceptional in France and raised the possibility of infection by a highly virulent Toxoplasma strain. The strain responsible was isolated from the peripheral blood of the newborn, and when genotyped with microsatellite markers, it exhibited an atypical genotype, one which is very uncommon in Europe but had been described in South America. We tested the hypothesis of a reinfection with a different genotype by using an experimental mouse model, which confirmed that acquired immunity against European Toxoplasma strains may not protect against reinfection by atypical strains acquired during travel outside Europe or by eating imported meat.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in the United States 2009-2010 and comparison with the past two decades.

            Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous parasite that can cause neurologic and ocular disease. We tested sera from 7,072 people ≥ 6 years of age in the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for immunoglobulin G antibodies and compared these results with two previous NHANES studies. The overall T. gondii antibody seroprevalence among persons ≥ 6 years of age in 2009-2010 was 13.2% (95% confidence limit [CL] 11.8%, 14.5%) and age-adjusted seroprevalence was 12.4% (95% CL 11.1%, 13.7%); age-adjusted seroprevalence among women 15-44 years of age was 9.1% (95% CL 7.2%, 11.1%). In U.S. born persons 12-49 years of age, the age-adjusted T. gondii seroprevalence decreased from 14.1% (95% CL 12.7%, 15.5%) in NHANES III (1988-1994) to 9.0% (95% CL 7.6%, 10.5%) in NHANES 1999-2004 to 6.7% (95% CL 5.3%, 8.2%) in NHANES 2009-2010 (P < 0.001 linear trend). Although T. gondii antibody presence is still relatively common, the prevalence in the United States has continued to decline.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Strategies to reduce transmission of Toxoplasma gondii to animals and humans.

              J.P. Dubey (1996)
              Toxoplasma gondii is found in the tissues of food animals and is an important cause of abortion and mortality in sheep and goats throughout the world. It causes mental retardation and loss of vision in congenitally infected children and death in immunosuppressed patients. A live vaccine, using a nonpersistent strain of T. gondii, is available in New Zealand, the UK and Europe which prevents T. gondii abortion in sheep. A live vaccine using a mutant strain of T. gondii (T-263) is being developed in the USA to reduce oocyst shedding by cats. As yet, there are no drugs to kill T. gondii tissue cysts in human or animal tissues. Freezing to -12 degrees C, cooking to an internal temperature of 67 degrees C, or gamma irradiation (0.5 kGy) can kill tissue cysts in meat.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rsbmt
                Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
                Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical - SBMT (Uberaba, MG, Brazil )
                0037-8682
                1678-9849
                February 2018
                : 51
                : 1
                : 57-62
                Affiliations
                [3] Goiânia Goiás orgnameUniversidade Federal de Goiás orgdiv1Hospital das Clínicas Brazil
                [1] Goiânia Goiás orgnameUniversidade Federal de Goiás orgdiv1Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública Brazil
                [2] Gurupi Tocantins orgnameCentro Universitário UNIRG Brazil
                Article
                S0037-86822018000100057
                10.1590/0037-8682-0112-2017
                29513843
                218c8c7c-0374-4637-984a-210db246fab3

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 04 January 2018
                : 17 May 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 41, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Toxoplasma gondii,Postpartum women,Diagnosis,Risk factors

                Comments

                Comment on this article