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      Recent global trends in testicular cancer incidence and mortality

      research-article
      , MD a , , MD a , , MD b , , MD, PhD a ,
      Medicine
      Wolters Kluwer Health
      cancer trends, epidemiology, incidence, mortality, testicular cancer

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          Abstract

          Testicular cancer (TCa) has a relatively rare incidence and mortality, but has not been thoroughly evaluated. We analyzed global variations and recent trends in TCa incidence and mortality.

          Age-standardized rates (ASRs) of TCa incidence and mortality were retrieved from the GLOBOCAN 2012 database. Temporal patterns were assessed using data obtained from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (volumes I–X) and World Health Organization Mortality databases. The incidence and mortality trends over the last 10 years were analyzed using join point analysis.

          Western and Northern Europe had the highest incidence of TCa (ASR = 8.7 and 7.2, respectively), with most countries showing an increase in incidence rates except for China, which had a stable incidence. Incidence rates were markedly increased in Southern European countries (average annual percent change of 6.8% in Croatia and 6.1% in Spain) but were attenuated in western Europe. The highest mortality rates were observed in western Asia (ASR = 0.7), with most countries showing a decrease in mortality.

          While the incidence of TCa has increased, mortality from TCa has decreased in most countries. More socioeconomically developed countries had a higher incidence of TCa with lower mortality.

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          Permutation tests for joinpoint regression with applications to cancer rates.

          The identification of changes in the recent trend is an important issue in the analysis of cancer mortality and incidence data. We apply a joinpoint regression model to describe such continuous changes and use the grid-search method to fit the regression function with unknown joinpoints assuming constant variance and uncorrelated errors. We find the number of significant joinpoints by performing several permutation tests, each of which has a correct significance level asymptotically. Each p-value is found using Monte Carlo methods, and the overall asymptotic significance level is maintained through a Bonferroni correction. These tests are extended to the situation with non-constant variance to handle rates with Poisson variation and possibly autocorrelated errors. The performance of these tests are studied via simulations and the tests are applied to U.S. prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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            Cancer Incidence in Five Continents: Inclusion criteria, highlights from Volume X and the global status of cancer registration.

            Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5), a longstanding collaboration between the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the International Association of Cancer Registries, serves as a unique source of cancer incidence data from high-quality population-based cancer registries around the world. The recent publication of Volume X comprises cancer incidence data from 290 registries covering 424 populations in 68 countries for the registration period 2003-2007. In this article, we assess the status of population-based cancer registries worldwide, describe the techniques used in CI5 to evaluate their quality and highlight the notable variation in the incidence rates of selected cancers contained within Volume X of CI5. We also discuss the Global Initiative for Cancer Registry Development as an international partnership that aims to reduce the disparities in availability of cancer incidence data for cancer control action, particularly in economically transitioning countries, already experiencing a rapid rise in the number of cancer patients annually.
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              Testicular Germ-Cell Cancer

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Medicine (Baltimore)
                Medicine (Baltimore)
                MEDI
                Medicine
                Wolters Kluwer Health
                0025-7974
                1536-5964
                September 2018
                14 September 2018
                : 97
                : 37
                : e12390
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
                [b ]Department of Urology, Tanta University College of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt.
                Author notes
                []Correspondence: Won Sik Ham, Department of Urology and Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea (e-mail: uroham@ 123456yuhs.ac ).
                Article
                MD-D-18-04184 12390
                10.1097/MD.0000000000012390
                6155960
                30213007
                21ab3990-fb32-4f39-94f0-f41a9d6e5e69
                Copyright © 2018 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0

                History
                : 12 June 2018
                : 22 August 2018
                Categories
                7300
                Research Article
                Observational Study
                Custom metadata
                TRUE

                cancer trends,epidemiology,incidence,mortality,testicular cancer

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