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      Stigmatizing attitudes of primary care professionals towards people with mental disorders: A systematic review

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          Mental illness stigma, help seeking, and public health programs.

          Globally, more than 70% of people with mental illness receive no treatment from health care staff. Evidence suggests that factors increasing the likelihood of treatment avoidance or delay before presenting for care include (1) lack of knowledge to identify features of mental illnesses, (2) ignorance about how to access treatment, (3) prejudice against people who have mental illness, and (4) expectation of discrimination against people diagnosed with mental illness. In this article, we reviewed the evidence on whether large-scale anti-stigma campaigns could lead to increased levels of help seeking.
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            The WPA-WHO Global Survey of Psychiatrists' Attitudes Towards Mental Disorders Classification.

            This article describes the results of the WPA-WHO Global Survey of 4,887 psychiatrists in 44 countries regarding their use of diagnostic classification systems in clinical practice, and the desirable characteristics of a classification of mental disorders. The WHO will use these results to improve the clinical utility of the ICD classification of mental disorders through the current ICD-10 revision process. Participants indicated that the most important purposes of a classification are to facilitate communication among clinicians and to inform treatment and management. They overwhelmingly preferred a simpler system with 100 or fewer categories, and over two-thirds preferred flexible guidance to a strict criteria-based approach. Opinions were divided about how to incorporate severity and functional status, while most respondents were receptive to a system that incorporates a dimensional component. Significant minorities of psychiatrists in Latin America and Asia reported problems with the cross-cultural applicability of existing classifications. Overall, ratings of ease of use and goodness of fit for specific ICD-10 categories were fairly high, but several categories were described as having poor utility in clinical practice. This represents an important focus for the ICD revision, as does ensuring that the ICD-11 classification of mental disorders is acceptable to psychiatrists throughout the world.
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              Attitudes towards people with a mental disorder: a survey of the Australian public and health professionals.

              The aim of this paper was to compare the Australian public's attitudes towards people who have been treated for a mental disorder with the attitudes of general practitioners, psychiatrists and clinical psychologists. The study involved a household survey of 2031 members of the Australian public and a postal survey of 872 general practitioners, 1128 psychiatrists and 454 clinical psychologists. Survey participants were presented with a vignette describing a person with schizophrenia or one with depression. They were asked opinions about the person's long-term outcome in various areas of life after receiving treatment. Participants were also asked whether they thought the person described would be discriminated against by others. Both the public and professionals rated outcomes as poorer and discrimination as more likely for the person with schizophrenia than for the one with depression. The professionals made more negative ratings than the public, although the clinical psychologists had similar attitudes to the public about depression. Compared to the public, health professionals rate long-term outcomes more negatively and discrimination as more likely. It is possible that these more negative attitudes are realistic, being based on greater knowledge of mental disorders. However, professional attitudes may be biased by greater contact with patients who have chronic or recurrent disorders. Either way, health professionals need to be aware of the effects that their negative attitudes might have on patients and the public.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine
                Int J Psychiatry Med
                SAGE Publications
                0091-2174
                1541-3527
                January 03 2018
                July 2018
                May 28 2018
                July 2018
                : 53
                : 4
                : 317-338
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
                [2 ]Personal Social Services Research Unit, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
                [3 ]Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
                Article
                10.1177/0091217418778620
                29807502
                21ce2570-0dcc-4ef4-8a1f-b1e831b9ecda
                © 2018

                http://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license

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