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      Diverticular Disease of the Appendix Is Associated with Complicated Appendicitis Translated title: Doença diverticular do apêndice está associada com apendicite complicada

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          Diverticular disease of the vermiform appendix (DDA) has an incidence of 0.004 to 2.1% in appendicectomy specimens. DDA is variably associated with perforation and malignancy. We report a single-center experience of DDA. The primary aim is to validate the association of DDA with complicated appendicitis or malignancy, and the secondary aim is to validate systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria and quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) scores.

          Methods

          The histopathology reports of 2,305 appendicectomy specimens from January 2011 to December 2015 were reviewed. Acute appendicitis was found in 2,164 (93.9%) specimens. Histology of the remaining 141 (6.1%) patients revealed: normal appendix ( n = 110), DDA ( n = 22), endometriosis of appendix ( n = 6), and an absent appendix ( n = 3). Patient demographics, clinical profile, operative data, and perioperative outcomes of DDA patients are studied. Modified Alvarado score, Andersson score, SIRS criteria, and qSOFA scores were retrospectively calculated.

          Results

          The incidence of DDA was 0.95%. Ten patients (45.5%) had diverticulitis. The mean age of DDA patients was 39.5 years (range 23–87), with male preponderance ( n = 12, 54.5%). The median Modified Alvarado score was 8 (range 4–9), and the median Andersson score was 5 (range 2–8). Fourteen patients (63.6%) had SIRS, and none had a high qSOFA score. Eight patients (36.4%) had complicated appendicitis (perforation [ n = 2] or abscess [ n = 6]). Eleven (50%) patients underwent laparoscopic appendicectomy. There were three 30-day readmissions and no mortality.

          Conclusion

          DDA is a distinct clinical pathology associated with complicated appendicitis.

          Resumo

          Introdução

          A doença diverticular do apêndice vermiforme (DDA) tem uma incidência de 0,004 a 2,1% em peças de apendicectomia. DDA está de forma variável associada a perfuração e malignidade. Reportamos uma experiência unicêntrica de DDA. O objectivo primário é validar a associação de DDA com apendicite complicada ou malignidade, e o objectivo secundário é validar os critérios de Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) e o score de quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA).

          Métodos

          Os relatórios histopatológicos de 2,305 peças de apendicectomia de Janeiro 2011 a Dezembro de 2015 foram revistos. Apendicite aguda foi verificada em 2,164 (93,9%) peças. A histologia das restantes 141 (6,1%) revelou: apêndice normal ( n = 110), DDA ( n = 22), endometriose do apêndice ( n = 6) e apêndice ausente ( n = 3). As características demográficas dos doentes, perfil clínico, dados cirúrgicos e perioperatórios dos doentes com DDA foram avaliados. Modified Alvarado score, Andersson score, SIRS criteria, e o qSOFA scores foram calculados retrospectivamente.

          Resultados

          A incidência de DDA foi de 0,95%. Dez doentes (45,5%) tinham diverticulite. A idade média dos doentes com DDA foi de 39,5 anos (âmbito 23–87) com predominância masculina ( n = 12, 54,5%). A mediana do Modified Alvarado score foi de 8 (âmbito 4–9), e a mediana do Andersson score foi de 5 (âmbito 2–8). Quatorze doentes (63,6%) tinham SIRS e nenhum tinha um qSOFA score alto. Oito doentes (36,4%) tinham apendicite complicada (perfuração n = 2; abcesso n = 6). Onze (50%) doentes foram submetidos a apendicectomia laparoscópica. Verificaram-se 3 readmissões aos 30 dias e nenhuma morte.

          Conclusão

          DDA é uma entidade clínica e patológica distinta e está associada a apendicite complicada.

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          Most cited references55

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          Developing a New Definition and Assessing New Clinical Criteria for Septic Shock: For the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3).

          Septic shock currently refers to a state of acute circulatory failure associated with infection. Emerging biological insights and reported variation in epidemiology challenge the validity of this definition.
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            Definitions for Sepsis and Organ Failure and Guidelines for the Use of Innovative Therapies in Sepsis

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              A practical score for the early diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

              We conducted a retrospective study of 305 patients hospitalized with abdominal pain suggestive of acute appendicitis. Signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings were analyzed for specificity, sensitivity, predictive value, and joint probability. The total joint probability, the sum of a true-positive and a true-negative result, was chosen as a diagnostic weight indicative of the accuracy of the test. Eight predictive factors were found to be useful in making the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Their importance, according to their diagnostic weight, was determined as follows: localized tenderness in the right lower quadrant, leukocytosis, migration of pain, shift to the left, temperature elevation, nausea-vomiting, anorexia-acetone, and direct rebound pain. Based on this weight, we devised a practical diagnostic score that may help in interpreting the confusing picture of acute appendicitis.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                GE Port J Gastroenterol
                GE Port J Gastroenterol
                PJG
                GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology
                S. Karger AG (Allschwilerstrasse 10, P.O. Box · Postfach · Case postale, CH–4009, Basel, Switzerland · Schweiz · Suisse, Phone: +41 61 306 11 11, Fax: +41 61 306 12 34, karger@karger.com )
                2341-4545
                2387-1954
                July 2021
                9 December 2020
                9 December 2020
                : 28
                : 4
                : 236-242
                Affiliations
                [1] aLee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
                [2] bDepartment of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
                Author notes
                *Ming Li Chia, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (Singapore), mingli.chia@ 123456mohh.com.sg
                Article
                pjg-0028-0236
                10.1159/000511822
                8314773
                34386552
                2200aaad-9066-4314-995c-2ab93e0fa720
                Copyright © 2020 by S. Karger AG, Basel

                This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC). Usage and distribution for commercial purposes requires written permission. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                : 30 July 2020
                : 20 September 2020
                : 2021
                Page count
                Tables: 2, References: 43, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Research Article

                diverticular disease of appendix,appendicitis,doença diverticular do apêndice,apendicite

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