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      Is the Episodic Buffer of Baddeley's model independent of the central executive? A measure of the Episodic Buffer Translated title: ¿El Retén Episódico de Baddeley es independiente del ejecutivo central? Una nueva medida del Retén Episódico

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          Abstract

          Abstract The Episodic Buffer (EB) is taking a growing central role in explanations regarding the functioning of working memory. In fact, in the most recent studies by Baddeley and his collaborators, the EB has situated itself at the core of this memory system. Recently, the discussion also concerns whether this component of working memory seems to demonstrate an independent nature with respect to central executive resourcing. Some studies show that in automatic tasks the creation and maintenance of elements stored in the episodic buffer do not require resources from the central executive. The current work attempts to evaluate this assumption for what different variables are taken and a new test has been developed to measure the EB. In this double task test, the processing task consists of reading short simple texts that contain missing words. The results show that further processing due to increasing the length of the texts does not correspond to higher load demands made on the central executive, nor in the creation of chunks or their maintenance. Thus, we think that the EB is under certain circumstances independent of the central executive.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen El Retén Episódico (RE) está tomando un creciente papel central en las explicaciones sobre el funcionamiento de la memoria operativa. De hecho, los últimos estudios de Baddeley y sus colaboradores sitúan al RE en el corazón del sistema de memoria. Recientemente la discusión también atañe a si este componente de la memoria operativa presenta una naturaleza independiente respecto a los recursos del ejecutivo central. Algunos estudios muestran como en tareas automatizadas, la construcción y mantenimiento de elementos almacenados en el RE no requieren de recursos desde el ejecutivo central. El presente trabajo pretende analizar esta cuestión para lo que se toman diferentes variables y se ha diseñado una nueva prueba para medir el RE. En esta prueba de doble tarea, la tarea de procesamiento consiste en la lectura de textos sencillos con unos espacios en blanco que deben completarse con las palabras clave. Los resultados muestran cómo a pesar del aumento del procesamiento debido al incremento de la longitud de los textos, no se produce un aumento en la carga del ejecutivo central, ni en la creación de los agrupamientos de información, ni en su mantenimiento. Por ello, pensamos que el RE bajo ciertas circunstancias opera de forma independiente al ejecutivo central.

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          The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex "Frontal Lobe" tasks: a latent variable analysis.

          This individual differences study examined the separability of three often postulated executive functions-mental set shifting ("Shifting"), information updating and monitoring ("Updating"), and inhibition of prepotent responses ("Inhibition")-and their roles in complex "frontal lobe" or "executive" tasks. One hundred thirty-seven college students performed a set of relatively simple experimental tasks that are considered to predominantly tap each target executive function as well as a set of frequently used executive tasks: the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Tower of Hanoi (TOH), random number generation (RNG), operation span, and dual tasking. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the three target executive functions are moderately correlated with one another, but are clearly separable. Moreover, structural equation modeling suggested that the three functions contribute differentially to performance on complex executive tasks. Specifically, WCST performance was related most strongly to Shifting, TOH to Inhibition, RNG to Inhibition and Updating, and operation span to Updating. Dual task performance was not related to any of the three target functions. These results suggest that it is important to recognize both the unity and diversity of executive functions and that latent variable analysis is a useful approach to studying the organization and roles of executive functions. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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            The magical number seven plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information.

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              Working Memory: Theories, Models, and Controversies

              I present an account of the origins and development of the multicomponent approach to working memory, making a distinction between the overall theoretical framework, which has remained relatively stable, and the attempts to build more specific models within this framework. I follow this with a brief discussion of alternative models and their relationship to the framework. I conclude with speculations on further developments and a comment on the value of attempting to apply models and theories beyond the laboratory studies on which they are typically based.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ap
                Anales de Psicología
                Anal. Psicol.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                0212-9728
                1695-2294
                September 2021
                : 37
                : 2
                : 378-392
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) orgdiv1Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology Spain
                Article
                S0212-97282021000200019 S0212-9728(21)03700200019
                10.6018/analesps.37.2.344391
                226bcbcc-0769-484e-a78d-b97b630e6c3e

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 November 2019
                : 02 October 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 56, Pages: 15
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Cognitive Psychology

                Working Memory,Memoria a Largo Plazo,Ejecutivo Central,Lectura,Retén Episódico,Memoria Operativa,Long-term memory,Reading,Central Executive,Episodic Buffer

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