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      Dinâmica do apoio em corredores veteranos com relação ao incremento da velocidade e da fadiga Translated title: Foot strike patterns in veteran runners with respect to the increase of the speed and fatigue Translated title: Dinámica de apoyo en corredores veteranos con relación al incremento de la velocidad y de la fatiga

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          Abstract

          INTRODUÇÃO: Nas últimas décadas, o número de participantes nas corridas populares de resistência tem aumentado, especialmente, dos atletas da categoria de veteranos (acima de 35 anos), assim como o número de provas organizadas.OBJETIVO: Analisar a dinâmica de apoio na corrida do atleta veterano com relação ao incremento da velocidade e da fadiga.MÉTODOS: Participaram 43 atletas, 40 homens (média de idade: 41,3 ± 1,10 anos) e 3 mulheres (média de idade 44,3 ± 3,17 anos). Depois do aquecimento, foram realizados três protocolos de corrida: confortável, ritmo de competição e ritmo de competição até o incremento dos valores da escala de Borg, escolhidos livremente por cada atleta. A dinâmica do apoio (superfície de contato, rotação lateral e inclinação do pé) e sua sequência temporal foram analisadas em vídeo de alta velocidade.RESULTADOS: Do total, 84,5% dos atletas apresentaram apoio atrasado, com incremento correspondente ao aumento da velocidade e da fadiga na corrida. Dos atletas, 52,7% apresentaram rotação externa leve e 69% apresentaram inclinação lateral leve. Não foi encontrada relação entre atletas lesionados ou não nem entre a dinâmica de apoio nos três tipos de corrida. O tempo de contato na fase de amortecimento foi superior no apoio atrasado com relação ao resto dos tipos de passadas na corrida confortável e no ritmo de competição.CONCLUSÃO: As descobertas deste estudo podem ser importantes para o desenho de tênis esportivos e para aportar informações sobre a relação entre o padrão da passada do corredor veterano e o risco de lesões.

          Translated abstract

          INTRODUCTION: In the last few decades the number of participants in the popular endurance races has increased,especially for athletes in the category of veterans (over 35 years), as well as the number of organized events.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the foot strike patterns in veteran runners with respect to an increase of speed and fatigue.METHODS: Participation of 43 athletes, 40 men (mean age: 41.3±1.10 years old) and 3 women (mean age: 44.3±3.17 years old). After warm-up, three running protocols were performed: comfortable pace, competition pace and competicion pace until the increase two values of the Borg scale, freely chosen by each athlete. Foot strike patterns (contact surface, lateral rotation and tilting of the foot) and a time sequence were analyzed by high-speed video.RESULTS: 84.5% of the athletes had rearfoot, increasing with the speed and fatigue. Among 52.7% of the athletes had mild external rotation and 69% had mild lateral tilt. No relationship was found between athletes, either with or without lesions in the foot strike patterns on the three race protocols. The contact time was higher in rearfoot regarding the rest of the types of foot strike patterns in comfortable running and competition pace.CONCLUSION: The findings of this study may be relevant for the design of athletic shoes and contribute information on the relationship between the foot strike patterns of the veteran runner and the risk of injuries.

          Translated abstract

          INTRODUCCIÓN: En las últimas décadas, el número de participantes en las carreras populares de resistencia ha aumentado, especialmente, de los atletas de la categoría de veteranos (más de 35 años), así como el número de pruebas organizadas.OBJETIVO: Analizar la dinámica de apoyo en la carrera del atleta veterano con relación al incremento de la velocidad y de la fatiga.MÉTODOS: Participaron 43 atletas, 40 hombres (promedio de edad: 41,3 ± 1,10 años) y 3 mujeres (promedio de edad 44,3 ± 3,17 años). Después del calentamiento, fueron realizados tres protocolos de carrera: confortable, ritmo de competición y ritmo de competición hasta el incremento de los valores de la escala de Borg, escogidos libremente por cada atleta. La dinámica de apoyo (superficie de contacto, rotación lateral e inclinación del pie) y su secuencia temporal fueron analizados en video de alta velocidad.RESULTADOS: Del total, 84,5% de los atletas presentaron apoyo atrasado, con incremento correspondiente al aumento de la velocidad y de la fatiga en la carrera. De los atletas, 52,7% presentaron rotación externa leve y 69% presentaron inclinación lateral leve. No fue encontrada relación entre atletas lesionados o no ni entre la dinámica de apoyo en los tres tipos de carrera. El tiempo de contacto en la fase de amortiguación fue superior en el apoyo atrasado con relación al resto de los tipos de pasos en la carrera confortable y en el ritmo de competición.CONCLUSIÓN: Los descubrimientos de este estudio pueden ser importantes para el diseño de zapatos deportivos y para aportar informaciones sobre la relación entre el estándar del paso del corredor veterano y el riesgo de lesiones.

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          Most cited references14

          • Record: found
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          Foot strike and injury rates in endurance runners: a retrospective study.

          This retrospective study tests if runners who habitually forefoot strike have different rates of injury than runners who habitually rearfoot strike.
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            • Article: not found

            Landing pattern modification to improve patellofemoral pain in runners: a case series.

            Case series.
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              • Record: found
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              • Article: not found

              Foot strike patterns of runners at the 15-km point during an elite-level half marathon.

              There are various recommendations by many coaches regarding foot landing techniques in distance running that are meant to improve running performance and prevent injuries. Several studies have investigated the kinematic and kinetic differences between rearfoot strike (RFS), midfoot strike (MFS), and forefoot strike (FFS) patterns at foot landing and their effects on running efficiency on a treadmill and over ground conditions. However, little is known about the actual condition of the foot strike pattern during an actual road race at the elite level of competition. The purpose of the present study was to document actual foot strike patterns during a half marathon in which elite international level runners, including Olympians, compete. Four hundred fifteen runners were filmed by 2 120-Hz video cameras in the height of 0.15 m placed at the 15.0-km point and obtained sagittal foot landing and taking off images for 283 runners. Rearfoot strike was observed in 74.9% of all analyzed runners, MFS in 23.7%, and FFS in 1.4%. The percentage of MFS was higher in the faster runners group, when all runners were ranked and divided into 50 runner groups at the 15.0-km point of the competition. In the top 50, which included up to the 69th place runner in actual order who passed the 15-km point at 45 minutes, 53 second (this speed represents 5.45 m x s(-1), or 15 minutes, 17 seconds per 5 km), RFS, MFS, and FFS were 62.0, 36.0, and 2.0%, respectively. Contact time (CT) clearly increased for the slower runners, or the placement order increased (r = 0.71, p < or = 0.05). The CT for RFS + FFS for every 50 runners group significantly increased with increase of the placement order. The CT for RFS was significantly longer than MFS + FFS (200.0 +/- 21.3 vs. 183.0 +/- 16 millisecond). Apparent inversion (INV) of the foot at the foot strike was observed in 42% of all runners. The percentage of INV for MFS was higher than for RFS and FFS (62.5, 32.0, and 50%, respectively). The CT with INV for MFS + FFS was significantly shorter than the CT with and without INV for RFS. Furthermore, the CT with INV was significantly shorter than push-off time without INV for RFS. The findings of this study indicate that foot strike patterns are related to running speed. The percentage of RFS increases with the decreasing of the running speed; conversely, the percentage of MFS increases as the running speed increases. A shorter contact time and a higher frequency of inversion at the foot contact might contribute to higher running economy.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbme
                Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte
                Rev Bras Med Esporte
                Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Exercício e do Esporte (São Paulo )
                1806-9940
                August 2014
                : 20
                : 4
                : 315-319
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Autónoma de Chile Chile
                [2 ] Universidad de Jaén Spain
                [3 ] Universidad de Granada Spain
                Article
                S1517-86922014000400315
                10.1590/1517-86922014200401693
                22df81c2-2079-4493-b44f-f912785c9b1f

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1517-8692&lng=en
                Categories
                PHYSIOLOGY
                SPORT SCIENCES

                Sports medicine,Anatomy & Physiology
                athletes,running,athletic injuries,atletas,corrida,lesões em atletas,carrera,lesiones en atletas

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