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      La dinámica familiar y el clima social escolar como factores protectores del consumo de alcohol en universitarios mexicanos Translated title: Family dynamics and school social environment as protective factors for alcohol consumption in Mexican university students

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: Introducción: El consumo de alcohol conlleva una pesada carga social y económica para la sociedad, para el gobierno, para la salud global, y para los sistemas de salud. Objetivo: Determinar la relación y efecto de la dinámica familiar y el clima social del centro escolar con el consumo de alcohol en jóvenes universitarios Metodología: Se trata de un estudio con diseño descriptivo, correlacional y predictivo, con una muestra de 367 estudiantes universitarios de una universidad del estado de Tabasco, México, seleccionados por un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio estratificado. El 63.2% fueron mujeres, con una media de edad de 21.6 años (DE=2.82). Se utilizó una Cédula de Datos Personales y de Prevalencia de Consumo de Alcohol, el Apgar Familiar, Cuestionario para Evaluar el Clima Social dentro del Centro Escolar y el AUDIT. Se apegó a lo dispuesto en el Reglamento de la Ley General de Salud en materia de Investigación. Resultados: La dinámica familiar y el clima social escolar se relacionaron negativa y significativamente con el consumo de alcohol y con los tres tipos de consumo, de bajo riesgo, dependiente y perjudicial. Se identificó que la dinámica familiar (B= -.040, p<.05) y el clima social escolar (B= -.096, p<.001) son predictores del consumo de alcohol en jóvenes universitarios. Conclusión: La dinámica familiar y el clima sociales escolar al ser predictores del consumo de alcohol pueden ayudar a prevenir esta conducta nociva en los jóvenes universitarios. Estos resultados pueden contribuir a la inclusión de estas variables para la comprensión de la conducta del consumo de alcohol.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT: Introduction: Alcohol consumption carries a heavy social and economic burden on society, government, overall health, and health systems. Objective: Determine the relationship and effect of family dynamics and school social environment on alcohol consumption in young university students. Methodology: This was a descriptive, correlational and predictive study with a sample of 367 undergraduate students from a university in the state of Tabasco, Mexico, selected by stratified random probability sampling. The 63.2% were women, with a mean age of 21.6 years (SD=2.82). A Personal Identity Card and Prevalence of Alcohol Consumption Questionnaire, the Family Apgar, the Questionnaire to Evaluate the Social Environment within the School and the AUDIT were used. The study complied with the provisions of the Regulations of the General Health Law on Research. Results: Family dynamics and school social environment were negatively and significantly related to alcohol consumption and to the three types of consumption: low-risk, dependent and harmful. Family dynamics (B= -.040, p<.05) and school social environment (B= -.096, p<.001) were identified as predictors of alcohol consumption in university young people. Conclusion: Family dynamics and school social environment as predictors of alcohol consumption may help to prevent this harmful behavior in young university students. These results can contribute to the inclusion of these variables in the understanding of alcohol consumption behavior.

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          Most cited references28

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          An Ecological Perspective on Health Promotion Programs

          During the past 20 years there has been a dramatic increase in societal interest in preventing disability and death in the United States by changing individual behaviors linked to the risk of contracting chronic diseases. This renewed interest in health promotion and disease prevention has not been without its critics. Some critics have accused proponents of life-style interventions of promoting a victim-blaming ideology by neglecting the importance of social influences on health and disease. This article proposes an ecological model for health promotion which focuses attention on both individual and social environmental factors as targets for health promotion interventions. It addresses the importance of interventions directed at changing interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy, factors which support and maintain unhealthy behaviors. The model assumes that appropriate changes in the social environment will produce changes in individuals, and that the support of individuals in the population is essential for implementing environmental changes.
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            The family APGAR: a proposal for a family function test and its use by physicians.

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              Social ecological approaches to individuals and their contexts: twenty years of health education & behavior health promotion interventions.

              Social ecological models that describe the interactive characteristics of individuals and environments that underlie health outcomes have long been recommended to guide public health practice. The extent to which such recommendations have been applied in health promotion interventions, however, is unclear. The authors developed a coding system to identify the ecological levels that health promotion programs target and then applied this system to 157 intervention articles from the past 20 years of Health Education & Behavior. Overall, articles were more likely to describe interventions focused on individual and interpersonal characteristics, rather than institutional, community, or policy factors. Interventions that focused on certain topics (nutrition and physical activity) or occurred in particular settings (schools) more successfully adopted a social ecological approach. Health education theory, research, and training may need to be enhanced to better foster successful efforts to modify social and political environments to improve health.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                eg
                Enfermería Global
                Enferm. glob.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                1695-6141
                2022
                : 21
                : 68
                : 1-24
                Affiliations
                [5] Monterrey orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo León orgdiv1Facultad de Enfermería Mexico
                [4] São Paulo São Paulo orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto Brazil
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco orgdiv1División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez Mexico
                [2] Monterrey orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Nuevo León orgdiv1Facultad de Enfermería Mexico magdalena_alonso@ 123456hotmail.com
                [3] orgnameUniversidad de São Paulo Brasil
                Article
                S1695-61412022000400001 S1695-6141(22)02106800001
                10.6018/eglobal.518421
                22e1ad8d-fe0e-4a63-badc-c1d850b62491

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 July 2022
                : 05 April 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 24
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Family dynamics,school social environment,university students,alcohol consumption,protective factors,Dinámica familiar,Clima social escolar,Universitarios,Consumo de bebidas alcohólicas,Factores protectores

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