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      Survival of Patients with Oral Cavity Cancer in Germany

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          Abstract

          The purpose of the present study was to describe the survival of patients diagnosed with oral cavity cancer in Germany. The analyses relied on data from eleven population-based cancer registries in Germany covering a population of 33 million inhabitants. Patients with a diagnosis of oral cavity cancer (ICD-10: C00-06) between 1997 and 2006 are included. Period analysis for 2002–2006 was applied to estimate five-year age-standardized relative survival, taking into account patients' sex as well as grade and tumor stage. Overall five-year relative survival for oral cavity cancer patients was 54.6%. According to tumor localization, five-year survival was 86.5% for lip cancer, 48.1% for tongue cancer and 51.7% for other regions of the oral cavity. Differences in survival were identified with respect to age, sex, tumor grade and stage. The present study is the first to provide a comprehensive overview on survival of oral cavity cancer patients in Germany.

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          Smoking and drinking in relation to oral and pharyngeal cancer.

          W J Blot, J McLaughlin, D M Winn … (1988)
          A case-control study of oral and pharyngeal cancer conducted in four areas of the United States provided information on the tobacco and alcohol use of 1114 patients and 1268 population-based controls. Because of the large study size, it could be shown that the risks of these cancers among nondrinkers increased with amount smoked, and conversely that the risks among nonsmokers increased with the level of alcohol intake. Among consumers of both products, risks of oropharyngeal cancer tended to combine more in a multiplicative than additive fashion and were increased more than 35-fold among those who consumed two or more packs of cigarettes and more than four alcoholic drinks/day. Cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking were separately implicated, although it was shown for the first time that risk was not as high among male lifelong filter cigarette smokers. Cessation of smoking was associated with a sharply reduced risk of this cancer, with no excess detected among those having quit for 10 or more years, suggesting that smoking affects primarily a late stage in the process of oropharyngeal carcinogenesis. The risks varied by type of alcoholic beverage, being higher among those consuming hard liquor or beer than wine. The relative risk patterns were generally similar among whites and blacks, and among males and females, and showed little difference when oral and pharyngeal cancers were analyzed separately. From calculations of attributable risk, we estimate that tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking combine to account for approximately three-fourths of all oral and pharyngeal cancers in the United States.
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            Period analysis for 'up-to-date' cancer survival data: theory, empirical evaluation, computational realisation and applications.

            O. Gefeller, Timo Hakulinen, Hermann Brenner (2004)
            Long-term survival rates are the most commonly used outcome measures for patients with cancer. However, traditional long-term survival statistics, which are derived by cohort-based types of analysis, essentially reflect the survival expectations of patients diagnosed many years ago. They are therefore often severely outdated at the time they become available. A couple of years ago, a new method of survival analysis, denoted period analysis, has been introduced to derive more 'up-to-date' estimates of long-term survival rates. We give a comprehensive review of the new methodology, its statistical background, empirical evaluation, computational realisation and applications. We conclude that period analysis is a powerful tool to provide more 'up-to-date' cancer survival rates. More widespread use by cancer registries should help to increase the use of cancer survival statistics for patients, clinicians, and public health authorities.
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              Advances and applications of oral cancer basic research.

              Julia Woolgar, J Rodrigo, Ruud H Brakenhoff … (2011)
              Cancer of the oral cavity accounts for almost 3% of cancer cases in the world. The incidence varies widely reflecting geographic differences in exposure to risk factors. The recent rise in younger age groups and females seen in many countries is of particular concern. Treatment and management of complications, locoregional recurrence and further primary tumors result in high morbidity and mortality especially when the disease is advanced stage at initial diagnosis. Progress in cancer research has provided abundant new knowledge about cellular processes and molecular biology underlying oral carcinogenesis and tumor progression. The present review attempts to summarize the current most widely-used research approaches and their application in the prevention, diagnosis, effective treatment, and improved outcome of oral cancer. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Michael Scheurer: Role: Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS ONE
                Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
                Journal ID (pmc): plosone
                Title: PLoS ONE
                Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1932-6203
                Publication date Collection: 2013
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 January 2013
                Volume: 8
                Issue: 1
                Electronic Location Identifier: e53415
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Conservative Dentistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
                [2 ]Munich Center for the Economics of Aging, Max-Planck-Institute for Social Law and Social Policy, Munich, Germany
                [3 ]Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
                [4 ]Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
                [5 ]Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
                [6 ]Cancer Registry of Rhineland-Palatine, Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
                [7 ]Saarland Cancer Registry, Saarbrücken, Germany
                [8 ]Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Lübeck, Germany
                Baylor College of Medicine, United States of America
                Author notes

                ¶ Membership of the GEKID Cancer Survival Working Group is provided in the Acknowledgments.

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Conceived and designed the study: HB. Collected and provided the data: GEKID Cancer Survival Working Group. Analyzed the data: LJ. Wrote the paper: SL LJ AS KF KE BH AK AG HB.

                Article
                Publisher ID: PONE-D-12-31801
                DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053415
                PMC ID: 3548847
                PubMed ID: 23349710
                SO-VID: 230180f6-57a3-429e-a9d5-a89e4221d7a8
                Copyright statement: Copyright @ 2013
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 14 October 2012
                Date accepted : 28 November 2012
                Page count
                Pages: 6
                Funding
                SL and AS are fully funded through a Postdoctoral Fellowship by the Medical Faculty of the University of Heidelberg. LJ, KF, KE, BH, AK, AG and HB were funded through their institutions. The study itself was funded by the German Cancer Aid (Deutsche Krebshilfe), grant number 108257. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Medicine
                Subject: Epidemiology
                Subject: Cancer Epidemiology
                Subject: Oncology
                Subject: Cancers and Neoplasms
                Subject: Skin Tumors
                Subject: Oral Mucosal Cancers
                Subject: Oral Medicine
                Subject: Dentistry
                Subject: Oral Diseases
                Subject: Public Health
                Subject: Alcohol
                Subject: Health Screening
                Subject: Preventive Medicine
                Subject: Tobacco Control
                Subject: Surgery
                Subject: Head and Neck Surgery

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
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                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized

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