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      Construcción de un Cuestionario de Frecuencia de Consumo de Alimentos para Adultos Ecuatorianos, estudio transversal Translated title: Development of Food Frequency Questionnaire for Ecuadorian Adults, cross-sectional study

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción Las encuestas alimentarias, incluidas el cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos (CFCA) son un método económico, relativamente fácil de aplicar y necesario para la evaluación de la dieta de individuos y poblaciones. El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar un CFCA para población adulta ecuatoriana. Material y Métodos Estudio transversal, en 255 individuos adultos de ambos sexos, entre 18 y 68 años, residentes en 10 provincias del Ecuador. Se aplicó una encuesta recordatorio de 24 horas (R24h) para obtener información sobre el consumo dietético de la población y la construcción del instrumento. La elaboración de la lista de alimentos que compone el CFCA fue hecha a partir de la contribución porcentual de cada alimento para la estimación total de aporte de energía y nutrientes de interés, empleándose el método de Block. Resultados Se obtuvo un instrumento compuesto por 91 ítems alimentarios distribuidos en 7 categorías. El instrumento fue revisado por expertos de 4 universidades pertenecientes a la región, costa, sierra, y amazonia del Ecuador. Conclusiones Este instrumento realiza una aproximación del consumo dietético de las tres regiones del Ecuador continental.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction Dietary surveys include food consumption frequency questionnaire (CFCA) is an inexpensive method, relatively easy to apply, and necessary for the evaluation of the diet of individuals and populations. The objective of this study was to develop an FFQ for the Ecuadorian adult population. Material and Methods Cross-sectional study, in 255 adult individuals of both sexes between 18 and 68 years old residing in 10 provinces of Ecuador. A 24-hour reminder (R24h) was applied to obtain information on the dietary consumption of the population and the construction of the instrument. The preparation of the list of foods that make up the CFCA was made from the percentage contribution of each food for the total estimate of energy and nutrients of interest, using the Block method. Results An instrument composed of 91 items distributed in 7 categories were obtained. The instrument was reviewed by experts from 4 universities belonging to the region, coast, highlands, and Amazon of Ecuador. Conclusions This instrument makes an approximation of the dietary consumption of the three regions of continental Ecuador.

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          Reproducibility and validity of a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.

          The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility and validity of a 61-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire used in a large prospective study among women. This form was administered twice to 173 participants at an interval of approximately one year (1980-1981), and four one-week diet records for each subject were collected during that period. Intraclass correlation coefficients for nutrient intakes estimated by the one-week diet records (range = 0.41 for total vitamin A without supplements to 0.79 for vitamin B6 with supplements) were similar to those computed from the questionnaire (range = 0.49 for total vitamin A without supplements to 0.71 for sucrose), indicating that these methods were generally comparable with respect to reproducibility. With the exception of sucrose and total carbohydrate, nutrient intakes from the diet records tended to correlate more strongly with those computed from the questionnaire after adjustment for total caloric intake. Correlation coefficients between the mean calorie-adjusted intakes from the four one-week diet records and those from the questionnaire completed after the diet records ranged from 0.36 for vitamin A without supplements to 0.75 for vitamin C with supplements. Overall, 48% of subjects in the lowest quintile of calorie-adjusted intake computed from the diet records were also in the lowest questionnaire quintile, and 74% were in the lowest one of two questionnaire quintiles. Similarly, 49% of those in the highest diet record quintile were also in the highest questionnaire quintile, and 77% were in the highest one or two questionnaire quintiles. These data indicate that a simple self-administered dietary questionnaire can provide useful information about individual nutrient intakes over a one-year period.
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            Ultra-processed products are becoming dominant in the global food system.

            The relationship between the global food system and the worldwide rapid increase of obesity and related diseases is not yet well understood. A reason is that the full impact of industrialized food processing on dietary patterns, including the environments of eating and drinking, remains overlooked and underestimated. Many forms of food processing are beneficial. But what is identified and defined here as ultra-processing, a type of process that has become increasingly dominant, at first in high-income countries, and now in middle-income countries, creates attractive, hyper-palatable, cheap, ready-to-consume food products that are characteristically energy-dense, fatty, sugary or salty and generally obesogenic. In this study, the scale of change in purchase and sales of ultra-processed products is examined and the context and implications are discussed. Data come from 79 high- and middle-income countries, with special attention to Canada and Brazil. Results show that ultra-processed products dominate the food supplies of high-income countries, and that their consumption is now rapidly increasing in middle-income countries. It is proposed here that the main driving force now shaping the global food system is transnational food manufacturing, retailing and fast food service corporations whose businesses are based on very profitable, heavily promoted ultra-processed products, many in snack form. © 2013 The Authors. Obesity Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International Association for the Study of Obesity.
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              Manufacturing Epidemics: The Role of Global Producers in Increased Consumption of Unhealthy Commodities Including Processed Foods, Alcohol, and Tobacco

              In an article that forms part of the PLoS Medicine series on Big Food, David Stuckler and colleagues report that unhealthy packaged foods are being consumed rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, consistent with rapid expansion of multinational food companies into emerging markets and fueling obesity and chronic disease epidemics.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                renhyd
                Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética
                Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet
                Academia Española de Nutrición y Dietética (Pamplona, Navarra, Spain )
                2173-1292
                2174-5145
                December 2021
                : 25
                : 4
                : 394-402
                Affiliations
                [4] Riobamba orgnameHospital San Juan orgdiv1Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética Ecuador
                [2] Milagro orgnameUniversidad Estatal de Milagro orgdiv1Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición, Dietética, Biotecnología y Análisis de Alimentos Ecuador
                [1] Bahia orgnameUniversidade Federal da Bahia orgdiv1Research Program Social Change, Asthma and Allergy in Latin America (SCAALA) Brazil
                [5] Azuay orgnameUniversidad de Cuenca orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Médicas orgdiv2Grupo de investigación “Salud Pública, Alimentación y Actividad física en el ciclo de la vida” Ecuador
                [6] Chimborazo orgnameEscuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo orgdiv1Facultad de Salud Pública orgdiv2Grupo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición Humana Ecuador
                [3] Riobamba Chimborazo orgnameEscuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo orgdiv1Facultad de Salud Pública Ecuador
                Article
                S2174-51452021000400394 S2174-5145(21)02500400394
                10.14306/renhyd.25.4.1340
                2351fbae-82ef-4231-8eb8-256bcef04c9b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 29 June 2021
                : 18 April 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Investigaciones

                Ingestión de Alimentos,Registros de Dieta,Adulto,Recordatorio de 24 horas,Cuestionario de Frecuencia de Consumo de Alimentos,Adultos,Eating,Diet Records,Adult,24-hour reminder,Food consumption frequency questionnaire,Adults

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