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      Approach bias modification training and consumption: A review of the literature.

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          Abstract

          Recent theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence have suggested that biased cognitive processing is an important contributor to unhealthy behaviour. Approach bias modification is a novel intervention in which approach biases for appetitive cues are modified. The current review of the literature aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of modifying approach bias for harmful consumption behaviours, including alcohol use, cigarette smoking, and unhealthy eating. Relevant publications were identified through a search of four electronic databases (PsycINFO, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and Scopus) that were conducted between October and December 2015. Eligibility criteria included the use of a human adult sample, at least one session of avoidance training, and an outcome measure related to the behaviour of interest. The fifteen identified publications (comprising 18 individual studies) were coded on a number of characteristics, including consumption behaviour, participants, task, training and control conditions, number of training sessions and trials, outcome measure, and results. The results generally showed positive effects of approach-avoidance training, including reduced consumption behaviour in the laboratory, lower relapse rates, and improvements in self-reported measures of behaviour. Importantly, all studies (with one exception) that reported favourable consumption outcomes also demonstrated successful reduction of the approach bias for appetitive cues. Thus, the current review concluded that approach bias modification is effective for reducing both approach bias and unhealthy consumption behaviour.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Addict Behav
          Addictive behaviors
          Elsevier BV
          1873-6327
          0306-4603
          Jan 2017
          : 64
          Affiliations
          [1 ] School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia. Electronic address: Naomi.Kakoschke@flinders.edu.au.
          [2 ] School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
          Article
          S0306-4603(16)30278-7
          10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.08.007
          27538198
          23a03ee8-97a4-47c5-94f3-26907e5dcbb1
          History

          Approach bias,Behaviour,Cognitive bias modification,Consumption,Training

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