Investigation of the latent infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among voluntary blood donors in Shenzhen

Abstract

Objective To understand and analyze the latent infection situation and epidemiological characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among voluntary blood donors in Shenzhen, so as to provide scientific basis for the recruitment of voluntary blood donors and the safety of blood transfusion, simultaneously reduce the risk of transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by blood donation.

Methods We detected γ-interferon in fresh blood samples from qualified blood donors by peripheral blood mononuclear cell enzyme-linked immunospot assay (PBMCs-ELISPOT), and we performed on the relevant information of the positive samples by retrospective statistical analysis.

Results From June to August in 2020, γ-interferon were detected in 220 fresh blood samples of eligible blood donors by PBMCs-ELISPOT, 44 cases were positive for interferon gamma release test, and the latent infection rate was 20.0% (44/220). There was no statistically significant difference in the ratio of qualified blood donors to those with latent infection of M.tb and the positive rate of interferon-gamma release test in voluntary blood donors among different gender, household registration, age group, education level, and blood type group ( P>0.05).

Conclusion Though qualified voluntary blood donors are a relatively healthy group in China, 20.0% of those still tested latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. We recommended to consider adding routine screening for latent infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in voluntary blood donors to ensure the safety of blood donation and clinical use.

Abstract

摘要： 目的 了解深圳市无偿献血者结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染的情况和流行特点, 分析其流行病学特征, 为无偿献 血者的招募、输血安全以及控制献血和输血结核分枝杆菌传播提供科学依据。 方法 应用外周血单核细胞酶联免疫 斑点法(Peripheral blood mononuclear cells enzyme-linked immunospot assay, PBMCs-ELISPOT)检测合格献血者的新鲜血 样中的γ-干扰素, 对检测符合阳性判定标准的血液标本相关信息进行回顾性统计学分析。 结果 2020年6—8月, 对 220名合格献血者新鲜血液标本应用单核细胞酶联免疫斑点法检测外周血γ-干扰素, γ-干扰素释放试验阳性44例, 潜 伏感染率为20.0%(44/220), 合格献血者与结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染者的γ干扰素释放试验阳性率在不同性别、户籍、年 龄组、文化程度、血型组之间的差异均无统计学意义( P>0.05), 献血者与M.tb潜伏感染者在不同年龄组、文化程度、血 型组构成比差异均无统计学意义( P>0.05)。 结论 合格的无偿献血人群作为相对健康的群体, 但仍存在结核分枝杆菌 潜伏感染, 建议考虑增加无偿献血人群结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染常规筛査等防控措施, 确保献血安全和临床用血安全。