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      Pet ownership is associated with increased risk of non-atopic asthma and reduced risk of atopy in childhood: findings from a UK birth cohort

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          Abstract

          Studies have shown an inverse association of pet ownership with allergy but inconclusive findings for asthma.

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          Cohort Profile: The ‘Children of the 90s’—the index offspring of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

          Andy Boyd, Jean Golding, John Macleod … (2012)
          The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a transgenerational prospective observational study investigating influences on health and development across the life course. It considers multiple genetic, epigenetic, biological, psychological, social and other environmental exposures in relation to a similarly diverse range of health, social and developmental outcomes. Recruitment sought to enrol pregnant women in the Bristol area of the UK during 1990–92; this was extended to include additional children eligible using the original enrolment definition up to the age of 18 years. The children from 14 541 pregnancies were recruited in 1990–92, increasing to 15 247 pregnancies by the age of 18 years. This cohort profile describes the index children of these pregnancies. Follow-up includes 59 questionnaires (4 weeks–18 years of age) and 9 clinical assessment visits (7–17 years of age). The resource comprises a wide range of phenotypic and environmental measures in addition to biological samples, genetic (DNA on 11 343 children, genome-wide data on 8365 children, complete genome sequencing on 2000 children) and epigenetic (methylation sampling on 1000 children) information and linkage to health and administrative records. Data access is described in this article and is currently set up as a supported access resource. To date, over 700 peer-reviewed articles have been published using ALSPAC data.
          Article 0 comments Cited 748 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Cohort Profile: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: ALSPAC mothers cohort

            Abigail Fraser, Corrie Macdonald-Wallis, Kate Tilling … (2012)
            Summary The Avon Longitudinal Study of Children and Parents (ALSPAC) was established to understand how genetic and environmental characteristics influence health and development in parents and children. All pregnant women resident in a defined area in the South West of England, with an expected date of delivery between 1st April 1991 and 31st December 1992, were eligible and 13 761 women (contributing 13 867 pregnancies) were recruited. These women have been followed over the last 19–22 years and have completed up to 20 questionnaires, have had detailed data abstracted from their medical records and have information on any cancer diagnoses and deaths through record linkage. A follow-up assessment was completed 17–18 years postnatal at which anthropometry, blood pressure, fat, lean and bone mass and carotid intima media thickness were assessed, and a fasting blood sample taken. The second follow-up clinic, which additionally measures cognitive function, physical capability, physical activity (with accelerometer) and wrist bone architecture, is underway and two further assessments with similar measurements will take place over the next 5 years. There is a detailed biobank that includes DNA, with genome-wide data available on >10 000, stored serum and plasma taken repeatedly since pregnancy and other samples; a wide range of data on completed biospecimen assays are available. Details of how to access these data are provided in this cohort profile.
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              Quantifying biases in causal models: classical confounding vs collider-stratification bias.

              Sander Greenland (2003)
              It has long been known that stratifying on variables affected by the study exposure can create selection bias. More recently it has been shown that stratifying on a variable that precedes exposure and disease can induce confounding, even if there is no confounding in the unstratified (crude) estimate. This paper examines the relative magnitudes of these biases under some simple causal models in which the stratification variable is graphically depicted as a collider (a variable directly affected by two or more other variables in the graph). The results suggest that bias from stratifying on variables affected by exposure and disease may often be comparable in size with bias from classical confounding (bias from failing to stratify on a common cause of exposure and disease), whereas other biases from collider stratification may tend to be much smaller.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Clinical & Experimental Allergy
                Abbreviated Title: Clin Exp Allergy
                Publisher: Wiley
                ISSN: 09547894
                Publication date Created: January 2015
                Publication date (Print): January 2015
                Publication date (Electronic): December 26 2014
                Volume: 45
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 200-210
                Affiliations
                [1 ]School of Social & Community Medicine; University of Bristol; Bristol UK
                [2 ]Institute of Infection and Global Health; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
                [3 ]School of Veterinary Science; University of Bristol; Bristol UK
                Article
                DOI: 10.1111/cea.12380
                PMC ID: 4280336
                PubMed ID: 25077415
                SO-VID: 23d2ad0f-599b-452a-a0db-a41971c236ac
                Copyright © © 2014
                License:

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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