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      Reconstrucción mamaria inmediata con técnica simultánea Translated title: Inmmediate breast reconstruction with simultaneous technique

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción y objetivo. La reconstrucción mamaria inmediata con implantes y/o expansores es uno de los métodos más realizados en la actualidad. Esto ha llevado a la utilización de mallas dérmicas de diferentes orígenes para la cobertura del polo inferior de la mama y así evitar la extrusión de los dispositivos, donde el músculo pectoral no los puede cubrir. Presentamos nuestra experiencia con una alternativa quirúrgica de colocación de expansor o implante sencilla, rápida y que nos evita el uso de cualquier tipo de malla en pacientes a las que se les realiza reconstrucción mamaria inmediata. Material y método. Realizamos un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, analizando el comportamiento de las pacientes sometidas a reconstrucción mamaria inmediata a través del registro de historias clínicas, incluyendo aquellas que acudieron a nuestra unidad con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama y que deseaban reconstrucción inmediata simultánea. El procedimiento se llevó a cabo mediante mastectomía total clásica y, antes de separar todo el tejido mamario del músculo, iniciamos la construcción del bolsillo similar a como lo hacemos para la mamoplastia de aumento retromuscular, pudiendo levantar la unión muscular serrato - pectoral y el surco mamario con mayor facilidad. Resultados. Incluimos en el estudio 13 pacientes a las que se les realizó mastectomia total con reconstrucción inmediata, 3 de ellas con preservación de piel y colocación de implante y el resto sin conservación de piel y colocación de expansores. Tras 15 meses de seguimiento, ninguna paciente sufrió complicaciones mayores, considerando como tales hematoma, seroma o infección, ni se desarrolló contractura capsular en ningún caso Conclusiones. En nuestra experiencia, el uso de esta técnica en reconstrucción mamaria inmediata representa una alternativa quirúrgica segura, accesible, rápida y de bajo coste, que no prolonga el tiempo operatorio y evita el uso de mallas.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Background and objective. Immediate breast reconstruction with implants and / or expanders is one of the most performed methods today. This has led to the use of dermal meshes of different origins to cover the lower pole of the breast and thus avoid the extrusion of the devices, where the pectoral muscle cannot cover it. We present our experience with a safe, real, simple and fast surgical alternative that avoids the use of any type of mesh, in patients who undergo immediate breast reconstruction. Methods. A descriptive and retrospective study was carried out in which patients who came to our unit with a diagnosis of breast cancer who wanted immediate reconstruction were included. We carry out an immediate simultaneous breast reconstruction technique, where the total mastectomy is started in the classic way and before separating all the breast tissue from the muscle, we begin the construction of the pocket, similar to how we do it for the retromuscular augmentation mamoplasty, being able to lift the serratus - pectoral muscle union and the mammary groove more easily. Results. Thirteen patients were included who underwent total mastectomy with immediate reconstruction, 3 of them with skin preservation and implant placement, and the rest without skin preservation and placement of expanders. After 15 months of follow-up no patient has suffered major complications, considering as such hematoma, seroma or infection, and capsular contracture did not develop in any case Conclusions. In our experience, the use of this technique in mammary reconstruction is a safe, accessible, fast and low-cost alternative that does not prolong operative time and avoids the use of meshes.

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          Most cited references15

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          A single surgeon's 12-year experience with tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction: part I. A prospective analysis of early complications.

          Multiple prior reports are conflicted regarding the true incidence of complications following implant-based breast reconstruction. A review of a single surgeon's extensive experience with tissue expander/implant reconstruction provides the opportunity to critically evaluate outcomes in a uniformly treated patient population. The objective of this study was to analyze the development of early complications in patients following two-stage implant breast reconstruction. A review of all tissue expander/implant reconstructions performed by a single surgeon over the 12-year period from July of 1992 to June of 2004 was performed. A prospectively maintained database was analyzed with respect to reconstructive and early complication data on 1522 reconstructions in 1221 patients. Early complications were defined as those occurring 12 months or less from initiation of reconstruction. The overall rate of early complications was 5.8 percent; the rate of premature expander removal was 2.7 percent. The most common complication was infection (2.5 percent). The incidence of complications after tissue expander insertion (8.5 percent) was significantly higher than that after the exchange procedure (2.7 percent). The rate of complications was significantly higher in patients with a history of preoperative chest wall irradiation. There was no difference in the incidence of complications in patients who were expanded during chemotherapy and those who were not. Tissue expander/implant reconstruction is a safe, reliable method of reconstruction with minimal early complications. Early complications are more common after expander insertion. Chemotherapy administered during tissue expansion does not increase the rate of complications. The rate of complications, although higher in previously irradiated patients, remains low.
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            The psychological impact of immediate breast reconstruction for women with early breast cancer.

            Twenty-five patients were evaluated, 13 who had immediate breast reconstruction and 12 who had delayed breast reconstruction for early breast cancer. Data were elicited about the psychological impact of the cancer, the mastectomy, and the reconstruction. Our results support the conclusion that immediate breast reconstruction is accompanied by a lower incidence of psychological morbidity postoperatively, and we recommend that immediate breast reconstruction be offered as an alternative to women with early breast cancer.
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              Trends in immediate breast reconstruction across insurance groups after enactment of breast cancer legislation.

              To improve access to breast reconstruction for mastectomy patients, the United States enacted the Women's Health and Cancer Rights Act in January of 1999. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the impact of this legislation on patients with different insurance plans.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cpil
                Cirugía Plástica Ibero-Latinoamericana
                Cir. plást. iberolatinoam.
                Sociedad Española de Cirugía Plástica, Reparadora y Estética (SECPRE) (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0376-7892
                1989-2055
                June 2022
                : 48
                : 2
                : 133-138
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameHospital Regional Rancagua
                [3] orgnameHospital Regional Rancagua
                [2] orgnameHospital Regional Rancagua
                Article
                S0376-78922022000200133 S0376-7892(22)04800200133
                10.4321/s0376-78922022000200004
                24466c75-df28-4448-8fa6-6fe6a9b1b64b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 February 2022
                : 30 December 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Cirugía Mamaria

                Breast reconstruction,Inmediate breast reconstruction,Breast expanders,Breasts implants,Reconstrucción mamaria,Reconstrucción mamaria inmediata,Expansores mamarios,Implantes mamarios

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