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      Competencias del docente clínico: opinión de estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Austral de Chile Translated title: Competences of the clinical teacher: opinion of nursing students from the Austral University of Chile

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          Abstract

          Introducción. Los aprendizajes logrados por los estudiantes durante la práctica clínica dependen de múltiples factores, entre ellos, las competencias disciplinares y genéricas que tenga el docente clínico que supervisa dichas experiencias. El objetivo del estudio fue reconocer las competencias que debe tener un docente clínico que supervisa prácticas en centros asistenciales intrahospitalarios desde la perspectiva de estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Austral de Chile durante 2019. Sujetos y métodos. Es una investigación cualitativa mediante la técnica de redes semánticas naturales. Es una muestra intencionada, de casos por criterios, constituida por 20 estudiantes de enfermería de tercer y cuarto año (2019), a quienes de forma individual, previo consentimiento informado, se les solicitó que escribieran en cinco minutos 10 palabras (verbos, adverbios, adjetivos y sustantivos) relacionadas con la pregunta estímulo, ¿cuáles son las competencias que debe tener el docente clínico para favorecer el aprendizaje en estudiantes de enfermería?, y que las priorizaran posteriormente de 1 a 10, correspondiendo el 1 a la de mayor valor. El análisis se realizó por reducción progresiva de la información de acuerdo con la técnica mencionada. La confiabilidad se garantizó mediante criterios de rigor, avalada por el Comité Ético Científico del Servicio de Salud Valdivia. Resultados. El estudiantado identificó mayoritariamente competencias genéricas como favorecedoras del aprendizaje, y destacaron ‘retroalimentación' (100%), ‘empático' (93,9%), ‘acogedor' (56,1%), ‘respetuoso' (57,7%), ‘comunicación efectiva' (41,2%) y ‘formación docente' (40,3%). Conclusiones. Los estudiantes valoran las habilidades interpersonales y la formación pedagógica-clínica del docente de práctica clínica intrahospitalaria, y estiman que las competencias del docente clínico son un aspecto fundamental que influye directamente en sus aprendizajes.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction. The learning achieved by students during clinical practice depends on multiple factors, such as the disciplinary and generic competencies of the clinical teacher who supervises these experiences. Objective. To recognize the competencies that a clinical teacher, who supervises practices in in-hospital care centers must have, from the perspective of nursing students of the Austral University of Chile during the year 2019. Subjects and methods. Qualitative research, using Natural Semantic Networks Technique. Intentional sample of cases by criteria made by 20 nursing students in the third and fourth years (2019), who individually and with prior informed consent were asked to write 10 words in five minutes (verbs, adverbs, adjectives, nouns). These words related to the stimulus question: what are the competencies that the clinical teacher must have to promote learning in nursing students? subsequently prioritizing them from one to ten, with one corresponding to the highest value. The analysis is carried out by progressive reduction of the information according to the aforementioned technique. Reliability was guaranteed by rigorous criteria, endorsed by the Scientific Ethics Committee, Valdivia Health Service. Results. The students mostly identified generic competences as favoring learning, highlighting ‘feedback' (100%), ‘empathic' (93.9%), ‘welcoming' (56.1%), respectful (57.7%), ‘Effective communication' (41.2%), ‘teacher training' (40.3%). Conclusions. the students value the interpersonal skills and pedagogical-clinical training of the in-hospital clinical practice teacher, they consider that the clinical teacher's competencies are a fundamental aspect that directly influences learning.

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          Most cited references26

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          Nursing Competency: Definition, Structure and Development.

          Nursing competency includes core abilities that are required for fulfilling one's role as a nurse. Therefore, it is important to clearly define nursing competency to establish a foundation for nursing education curriculum. However, while the concepts surrounding nursing competency are important for improving nursing quality, they are still not yet completely developed. Thus, challenges remain in establishing definitions and structures for nursing competency, competency levels necessary for nursing professionals, training methods and so on. In the present study, we reviewed the research on definitions and attributes of nursing competency in Japan as well as competency structure, its elements and evaluation. Furthermore, we investigated training methods to teach nursing competency.
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            Metodología de la investigación cualitativa

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              Formación en educación de los docentes clínicos de medicina

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                fem
                FEM: Revista de la Fundación Educación Médica
                FEM (Ed. impresa)
                Fundación Educación Médica y Viguera Editores, S.L. (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                2014-9832
                2014-9840
                2022
                : 25
                : 2
                : 95-100
                Affiliations
                [3] Temuco Santiago de Chile orgnameUniversidad Mayor orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias orgdiv2Escuela de Enfermería Chile
                [2] Temuco Araucanía orgnameUniversidad de La Frontera orgdiv1Oficina de Educación en Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv2Departamento de Medicina Interna Chile
                [1] Valdivia orgnameOficina de Educación en Ciencias de la Salud orgdiv1Instituto de Enfermería Chile
                Article
                S2014-98322022000200007 S2014-9832(22)02500200007
                10.33588/fem.252.1183
                2493fc70-c7fc-40d7-b7df-b24bd6f49fb8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 04 March 2022
                : 23 November 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Aprendizaje,Docencia,Docente de enfermería,Educación en enfermería,Habilidades sociales,Prácticas clínicas,Clinical practices,Learning,Nursing education,Nursing teacher,Social skills,Teaching

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