73
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Ascomycota Members Dominate Fungal Communities during Straw Residue Decomposition in Arable Soil

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          This study investigated the development of fungal community composition in arable soil during the degradation of straw residue. We explored the short-term responses of the fungal community over 28 days of decomposition in soil using culture-independent polymerase chain reaction in combination with a clone library and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Fungal cellobiohydrolase I ( cbhI) genes in the soil were also characterized, and their diversity suggested the existence of a different cellulose decomposer. The DGGE profiles based on fungal internal transcribed spacer analysis showed different successions of fungal populations during residue decomposition. Members of Lecythophora and Sordariales were dominant in the early succession, while Hypocrea and Engyodontium were better adapted in the late succession. The succession of fungal communities might be related to changes of residue quality during decomposition. Collectively, sequences assigned to Ascomycota members were dominant at different stages of the fungal succession during decomposition, revealing that they were key drivers responsible for residue degradation in the arable soil tested.

          Related collections

          Most cited references22

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Fungal community on decomposing leaf litter undergoes rapid successional changes.

          Fungi are considered the primary decomposers of dead plant biomass in terrestrial ecosystems. However, current knowledge regarding the successive changes in fungal communities during litter decomposition is limited. Here we explored the development of the fungal community over 24 months of litter decomposition in a temperate forest with dominant Quercus petraea using 454-pyrosequencing of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and cellobiohydrolase I (cbhI) genes, which encode exocellulases, to specifically address cellulose decomposers. To quantify the involvement of phyllosphere fungi in litter decomposition, the fungal communities in live leaves and leaves immediately before abscission were also analysed. The results showed rapid succession of fungi with dramatic changes in the composition of the fungal community. Furthermore, most of the abundant taxa only temporarily dominated in the substrate. Fungal diversity was lowest at leaf senescence, increased until month 4 and did not significantly change during subsequent decomposition. Highly diverse community of phyllosphere fungi inhabits live oak leaves 2 months before abscission, and these phyllosphere taxa comprise a significant share of the fungal community during early decomposition up to the fourth month. Sequences assigned to the Ascomycota showed highest relative abundances in live leaves and during the early stages of decomposition. In contrast, the relative abundance of sequences assigned to the Basidiomycota phylum, particularly basidiomycetous yeasts, increased with time. Although cellulose was available in the litter during all stages of decomposition, the community of cellulolytic fungi changed substantially over time. The results indicate that litter decomposition is a highly complex process mediated by various fungal taxa.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Lignin-modifying enzymes in filamentous basidiomycetes--ecological, functional and phylogenetic review.

            Filamentous fungi owe powerful abilities for decomposition of the extensive plant material, lignocellulose, and thereby are indispensable for the Earth's carbon cycle, generation of soil humic matter and formation of soil fine structure. The filamentous wood-decaying fungi belong to the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, and are unique organisms specified to degradation of the xylem cell wall components (cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignins and extractives). The basidiomycetous wood-decaying fungi form brackets, caps or resupinaceous (corticioid) fruiting bodies when growing on wood for dissemination of their sexual basidiospores. In particular, the ability to decompose the aromatic lignin polymers in wood is mostly restricted to the white rot basidiomycetes. The white-rot decay of wood is possible due to secretion of organic acids, secondary metabolites, and oxidoreductive metalloenzymes, heme peroxidases and laccases, encoded by divergent gene families in these fungi. The brown rot basidiomycetes obviously depend more on a non-enzymatic strategy for decomposition of wood cellulose and modification of lignin. This review gives a current ecological, genomic, and protein functional and phylogenetic perspective of the wood and lignocellulose-decaying basidiomycetous fungi.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Extensive fungal diversity in plant roots.

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
                1932-6203
                2013
                20 June 2013
                : 8
                : 6
                : e66146
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
                [2 ]Insitute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
                [3 ]National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
                Wageningen University, The Netherlands
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Conceived and designed the experiments: AM XZ GZ. Performed the experiments: AM DL JW MC. Analyzed the data: AM XZ GZ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AM DL JW MC CL. Wrote the paper: AM XZ CL GZ.

                Article
                PONE-D-12-39720
                10.1371/journal.pone.0066146
                3688710
                23840414
                2542b2a2-548a-4cb2-8da0-067db5df6fae
                Copyright @ 2013

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 11 December 2012
                : 2 May 2013
                Page count
                Pages: 9
                Funding
                This work was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (41001151, 41173089).The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Agriculture
                Agroecology
                Soil Science
                Sustainable Agriculture
                Biology
                Ecology
                Agroecology
                Microbial Ecology
                Soil Ecology
                Microbiology
                Mycology
                Plant Science
                Botany
                Mycology

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

                Comments

                Comment on this article