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      Análisis del uso de la Terminología Anatómica entre los Estudiantes de la Asignatura Anatomía de la Licenciatura en Medicina, de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Translated title: Analysis of the use of the Anatomical Terminology Between Students of Anatomy Courses at the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

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          Abstract

          La Anatomía puede ser considerada el primer campo científico específico dentro del área de la medicina, es una ciencia concreta, utilizada para describir las estructuras del cuerpo humano, para lo cual ha desarrollado un lenguaje descriptivo específico, preciso, universal, inequívoco, denominado "Terminologia Anatomica" (TA). El Departamento de Anatomía de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), privilegia el uso de la TAI considerando que los alumnos deben conocerla y utilizarla desde el primer año de la licenciatura en medicina, sin embargo, existe cierta resistencia por parte de alumnos y profesores, los cuales recurren en más de una ocasión al uso de epónimos. El propósito de esta investigación fue el de conocer las condiciones de uso que la TA presenta entre los estudiantes del primer año de la licenciatura en medicina en la Facultad de Medicina UNAM, participaron 182 estudiantes de la asignatura Anatomía durante el ciclo escolar 2011-2012. El análisis de los resultados pone en evidencia que el 60,2 % de los alumnos utilizan preferentemente los términos propuestos por la TAI durante el desarrollo de las clases de Anatomía, mientras que fuera de clase solamente el 52,1 % la utilizan. Es posible que estas pautas en el uso de la TA afecten el aprendizaje del lenguaje médico científico que los alumnos utilizarán durante toda su vida profesional.

          Translated abstract

          Anatomy can be considered the first specific scientific field within the area of the medicine, is a concrete science, used to describe the structures of the human body, which has developed a specific, unequivocal, precise, universal and descriptive language, called "Anatomical Terminology" (TA). The Department of Anatomy, from the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), favors the use of TA considering students should know and use it from the first year of a degree in medicine. However, there is some resistance on the part of students and teachers, who on more than one occasion, relied on the use of eponyms. The purpose of this research was to determine the knowledge of use of the TA among first year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine UNAM, in which 182 students of the anatomy course, participated during the 2011-2012 school year. The analysis of the results shows that 60.2 % of students prefer to use the terms proposed by the TAI during the anatomy class, while out of class only 52.1 % were using it. It is possible that these guidelines on the use of TA affect learning scientific medical language that students will use throughout their professional life.

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          The human cadaver in the age of biomedical informatics.

          Major national and international critiques of the medical curriculum in the 1980s noted the following significant flaws: (1) over-reliance on learning by rote memory, (2) insufficient exercise in analysis and synthesis/conceptualization, and (3) failure to connect the basic and clinical aspects of training. It was argued that the invention of computers and related imaging techniques called to question the traditional instruction based on the faculty-centered didactic lecture. In the ensuing reform, which adopted case-based, small group, problem-based learning, time allotted to anatomical instruction was severely truncated. Many programs replaced dissection with prosections and computer-based learning. We argue that cadaver dissection is still necessary for (1) establishing the primacy of the patient, (2) apprehension of the multidimensional body, (3) touch-mediated perception of the cadaver/patient, (4) anatomical variability, (5) learning the basic language of medicine, (6) competence in diagnostic imaging, (7) cadaver/patient-centered computer-assisted learning, (8) peer group learning, (9) training for the medical specialties. Cadaver-based anatomical education is a prerequisite of optimal training for the use of biomedical informatics. When connected to dissection, medical informatics can expedite and enhance preparation for a patient-based medical profession. Actual dissection is equally necessary for acquisition of scientific skills and for a communicative, moral, ethical, and humanistic approach to patient care. Anat Rec (New Anat) 269:20-32, 2002. Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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              Terminologia anatomica: new terminology for the new anatomist.

              I Whitmore (1999)
              Over many years, anatomical terminology has been the subject of much controversy and disagreement. Previously, the International Anatomical Nomenclature Committee has been responsible for the production of six editions of Nomina Anatomica. In 1989 a new committee, the Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology (FCAT), was created by its parent body, the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA). FCAT has worked for 9 years and published Terminologia Anatomica (TA) in 1998. FCAT's aim has been to democratize the terminology and make it the internationally accepted, living language of anatomy. The worldwide adoption of the same terminology would eliminate national differences, which were causing extreme confusion in instances where the same structure was known by several names. The new terminology is thus the result of worldwide consultation and contains Latin and equivalent English terms. It is indexed in Latin and English and contains an index of eponyms in order to find the correct non-eponymous term. The future goal of FCAT is to continue to improve the terminology-new structures are described, different terms come into use, and the terminology needs to be expanded to include terms used by clinicians for structures that currently do not appear in the list. Future versions of the terminology must accommodate the needs of all who use it, both in the clinical and scientific worlds.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ijmorphol
                International Journal of Morphology
                Int. J. Morphol.
                Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía (Temuco, , Chile )
                0717-9502
                December 2016
                : 34
                : 4
                : 1280-1284
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Anatomía México
                Article
                S0717-95022016000400017
                10.4067/S0717-95022016000400017
                25ca2632-c752-4f69-9dd4-73ed01a566ca

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 August 2016
                : 29 April 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 16, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Chile


                Anatomía,Terminología Anatómica Internacional,Educación Médica,Anatomy,International Anatomical Terminology,Medical Education

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