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      Determinantes socioeconómicos y sociodemográficos asociados al consumo de frutas y verduras de las madres de familia y los hogares de escolares de Jalisco

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: incrementar el consumo de frutas y verduras es una prioridad, objetivo fundamental en las políticas públicas a nivel mundial. Dado que dicho consumo en los escolares de Jalisco (México) se encuentra por debajo de las recomendaciones alimentarias, es esencial identificar los determinantes que influyen en su consumo de frutas y verduras, para promover el desarrollo de acciones que contribuyan a mejorarlo. Objetivo: identificar los determinantes socioeconómicos y sociodemográficos del consumo de frutas y verduras en las madres de familia y los hogares de escolares de Jalisco, México. Método: estudio transversal analítico, realizado durante el primer trimestre del año 2020 utilizando una frecuencia de consumo de alimentos validada y un cuestionario sobre factores sociodemográficos y socioeconómicos. Resultados: el bajo nivel educativo de las madres de los escolares se asoció con un menor consumo de verduras y el bajo nivel de ingresos en el hogar se asoció con un menor consumo de frutas por los escolares. Conclusiones: el bajo nivel educativo de las madres y el bajo nivel de ingresos de los hogares fueron determinantes asociados al consumo de frutas y verduras de los escolares. Sin embargo, se presentaron diferencias en cuanto a los determinantes para las frutas y para las verduras. Estos factores y sus diferencias deben de tenerse en cuenta para la planificación de acciones que contribuyan a mejorar la ingesta de frutas y verduras en la población escolar.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: increasing fruit and vegetable consumption is a priority. It has been prioritized as a fundamental objective of public policies worldwide. Given that such consumption in schoolchildren in Jalisco (Mexico) is below the dietary recommendations it is crucial to identify the determinants that influence this consumption to promote the development of contextualized actions that improve it. Objective: to identify the socioeconomic and sociodemographic determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among mothers and households of schoolchildren in Jalisco, Mexico. Method: an analytical, cross-sectional study carried out during the first quarter of 2020. A validated food consumption frequency and a questionnaire on sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors were used for its development. Results: a lower educational level of the mothers of schoolchildren was associated with a lower consumption of vegetables by schoolchildren. In turn, a lower household income level was associated with a lower consumption of fruits in schoolchildren. Conclusions: a low educational level of mothers and a low household income were determinants associated with fruit and vegetable consumption in schoolchildren. However, there were differences in the determinants for fruits and vegetables. It is essential to consider these factors and their differences in order to plan actions that contribute to improving fruit and vegetable intake in the school population.

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          Most cited references34

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          Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems

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            Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality—a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies

            Abstract Background: Questions remain about the strength and shape of the dose-response relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality, and the effects of specific types of fruit and vegetables. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify these associations. Methods: PubMed and Embase were searched up to 29 September 2016. Prospective studies of fruit and vegetable intake and cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality were included. Summary relative risks (RRs) were calculated using a random effects model, and the mortality burden globally was estimated; 95 studies (142 publications) were included. Results: For fruits and vegetables combined, the summary RR per 200 g/day was 0.92 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90–0.94, I2 = 0%, n = 15] for coronary heart disease, 0.84 (95% CI: 0.76–0.92, I2 = 73%, n = 10) for stroke, 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90–0.95, I2 = 31%, n = 13) for cardiovascular disease, 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95–0.99, I2 = 49%, n = 12) for total cancer and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.87–0.93, I2 = 83%, n = 15) for all-cause mortality. Similar associations were observed for fruits and vegetables separately. Reductions in risk were observed up to 800 g/day for all outcomes except cancer (600 g/day). Inverse associations were observed between the intake of apples and pears, citrus fruits, green leafy vegetables, cruciferous vegetables, and salads and cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, and between the intake of green-yellow vegetables and cruciferous vegetables and total cancer risk. An estimated 5.6 and 7.8 million premature deaths worldwide in 2013 may be attributable to a fruit and vegetable intake below 500 and 800 g/day, respectively, if the observed associations are causal. Conclusions: Fruit and vegetable intakes were associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and all-cause mortality. These results support public health recommendations to increase fruit and vegetable intake for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and premature mortality.
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              Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study

              The association between intake of fruits, vegetables, and legumes with cardiovascular disease and deaths has been investigated extensively in Europe, the USA, Japan, and China, but little or no data are available from the Middle East, South America, Africa, or south Asia.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                nh
                Nutrición Hospitalaria
                Nutr. Hosp.
                Grupo Arán (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0212-1611
                1699-5198
                February 2022
                : 39
                : 1
                : 111-117
                Affiliations
                [1] Antofagasta orgnameUniversidad de Guadalajara orgdiv1Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición (IICAN) Chile
                [2] Antofagasta Antofagasta orgnameUniversidad Católica del Norte orgdiv1Escuela de Psicología Chile
                Article
                S0212-16112022000100016 S0212-1611(22)03900100016
                10.20960/nh.03668
                25d3c9f9-f4ac-4c37-90d8-22be93bfdefc

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 April 2021
                : 06 November 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Trabajos Originales

                Comportamiento alimentario,Job occupation,Educational level,Income,Eating behavior,Ocupación laboral,Nivel educativo,Ingresos económicos

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