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      Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire: Factor structure and psychometric properties Translated title: Cuestionario de Evitación Cognitiva: estructura factorial y propiedades psicométricas

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          Abstract

          Abstract: Cognitive avoidance refers to strategies and efforts toward prevention of aversive experiences and events that provoke anxiety. The present study analyzed the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire (CAQ; Sexton & Dugas, 2008), an instrument which assesses five worry-related cognitive avoidance strategies. The Spanish translation was administered to a non-clinical sample of 614 participants (18-82 years). The total scale and subscales showed good to excellent internal consistency. Using confirmatory factor analysis, a second-order model (i.e., five first-order factors and one second-order factor) showed the best fit between the theoretical structure and the empirical data. Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was obtained through analysis of the correlations of the questionnaire with measures of worry, thought suppression, rumination and coping styles. The results yielded satisfactory preliminary data on the Spanish adaptation of the CAQ, which could provide for further advances in clinical practice and research on cognitive processes and anxiety disorders.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen: La evitación cognitiva se refiere a las estrategias y esfuerzos dirigidos a prevenir experiencias negativas y eventos aversivos que provocan ansiedad. El presente estudio analizó la estructura factorial y las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del Cuestionario de Evitación Cognitiva (CAQ; Sexton & Dugas, 2008), un instrumento que evalúa cinco estrategias de evitación cognitiva relacionadas con la preocupación. La traducción al español se administró a una muestra no clínica de 614 participantes (18-82 años). La escala total y las subescalas mostraron una consistencia interna de buena a excelente. Utilizando el análisis factorial confirmatorio, se halló un modelo de segundo orden (i.e., cinco factores de primer orden y un factor de segundo orden) que mostró el mejor ajuste entre la estructura teórica y los datos empíricos. Se obtuvo evidencia de validez convergente y discriminante a través del análisis de las correlaciones del cuestionario con medidas de preocupación, supresión del pensamiento, rumiación y estilos de afrontamiento. Los resultados arrojaron datos preliminares satisfactorios sobre la adaptación española del CAQ que podría proporcionar mayores avances en la práctica clínica y la investigación sobre procesos cognitivos y trastornos de ansiedad.

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          Most cited references55

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          Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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            Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review.

            We examined the relationships between six emotion-regulation strategies (acceptance, avoidance, problem solving, reappraisal, rumination, and suppression) and symptoms of four psychopathologies (anxiety, depression, eating, and substance-related disorders). We combined 241 effect sizes from 114 studies that examined the relationships between dispositional emotion regulation and psychopathology. We focused on dispositional emotion regulation in order to assess patterns of responding to emotion over time. First, we examined the relationship between each regulatory strategy and psychopathology across the four disorders. We found a large effect size for rumination, medium to large for avoidance, problem solving, and suppression, and small to medium for reappraisal and acceptance. These results are surprising, given the prominence of reappraisal and acceptance in treatment models, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance-based treatments, respectively. Second, we examined the relationship between each regulatory strategy and each of the four psychopathology groups. We found that internalizing disorders were more consistently associated with regulatory strategies than externalizing disorders. Lastly, many of our analyses showed that whether the sample came from a clinical or normative population significantly moderated the relationships. This finding underscores the importance of adopting a multi-sample approach to the study of psychopathology. Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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              Factor analysis and AIC

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ap
                Anales de Psicología
                Anal. Psicol.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                0212-9728
                1695-2294
                December 2020
                : 36
                : 3
                : 457-467
                Affiliations
                [1] Albacete orgnameUniversidad de Castilla-La Mancha orgdiv1Department of Psychology Spain
                [3] Albacete orgnameServicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha orgdiv1Hospital General de Villarrobledo orgdiv2Unidad de Salud Mental Spain
                [2] orgnameUniversidad de Castilla-La Mancha orgdiv1Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit Spain
                Article
                S0212-97282020000300011 S0212-9728(20)03600300011
                10.6018/analesps.36.3.397711
                26117bf7-48b3-45ae-8bbf-ec132211e0f1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 February 2020
                : 01 October 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 56, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Clinical and Health Psychology

                Trastornos de ansiedad,Psychometrics,Rumination,Coping strategies,Worry,Anxiety disorders,Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire,Propiedades psicométricas,Rumiación,Estrategias de afrontamiento,Preocupación,Cuestionario de Evitación Cognitiva

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