21
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Non-malarial infectious diseases of antenatal care in pregnant women in Franceville, Gabon

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          In sub-tropical countries, infectious diseases remain one of the main causes of mortality. Because of their lack of active immunity, pregnant women and their unborn children represent the most susceptible people. In Gabon, data on infectious diseases of pregnant women such as syphilis and rubella are either scarce or very old. Few studies have assessed T. gondii infection during pregnancy in the country. Here, we evaluate seroprevalence of HIV, HTVL-1, syphilis and T. gondii and rubella infection during antenatal care among women living in Franceville, Gabon.

          Methods

          A retrospective study was conducted on data collected from May 2007 to July 2010. After signing an informed written consent form, all pregnant women consulting in two hospitals of Franceville (Gabon) and in offices of maternity and childbirth health centers were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Serum samples were collected and analysed using immunological assays relevant for HIV (Genscreen HIV-1 version 2, Bio-Rad®, Marne la Roquette, France).HTLV-1 (Vironostika HTLV-1, Biomérieux®, Marcy l’Etoile, France), T. pallidum (TPHA/VDRL), BIOLABO®SA), rubella virus (Vidas Biomerieux®, Marcy l’Etoile, France) and T. gondii (Vidas Biomerieux®, Marcy l’Etoile, France) diagnoses were performed. Data analysis was done using the Stat view 5.0 software.

          Results

          A total of 973 pregnant women were assessed. The mean age was 25.84 ± 6.9 years, with a minimum age of 14.0 years and a maximum of 45.0 years. Women from 26 to 45 years old and unemployed women were the most prevalent: 41.93% and 77.18%, respectively. The prevalence of studied infectious diseases were 2.50% for syphilis, 2.88% for HTLV-1, 4.00% for HIV with no significant difference between them ( p = 0.1). Seropositivity against rubella was higher (87.56%, n = 852) than seropositivity against T. gondii (57.35%, n = 557), ( p < 0.0001). Only 5 (0.51%) co-infection cases were found: 2 co-infected with HIVand T. pallidum, 2 co-infected with HIV and HTLV-1, and one co-infected with T. pallidum and HTLV-1. Sixty-two pregnant women were seronegative against toxoplasmosis and rubella (6.37%).

          Conclusion

          High levels of seropositivity against T. gondii and the rubella virus were observed. The prevalence of T. pallidum and HTLV-1 were lowest but HIV prevalence in young women was worrying.

          Related collections

          Most cited references53

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

          Retrovirus particles with type C morphology were found in two T-cell lymphoblastoid cell lines, HUT 102 and CTCL-3, and in fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from a patient with a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides). The cell lines continuously produce these viruses, which are collectively referred to as HTLV, strain CR(HTLV(CR)). Originally, the production of virus from HUT 102 cells required induction with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine, but the cell line became a constitutive producer of virus at its 56th passage. Cell line CTCL-3 has been a constitutive producer of virus from its second passage in culture. Both mature and immature extracellular virus particles were seen in thin-section electron micrographs of fixed, pelleted cellular material; on occasion, typical type C budding virus particles were seen. No form of intracellular virus particle has been seen. Mature particles were 100-110 nm in diameter, consisted of an electron-dense core surrounded by an outer membrane separated by an electron-lucent region, banded at a density of 1.16 g/ml on a continuous 25-65% sucrose gradient, and contained 70S RNA and a DNA polymerase activity typical of viral reverse transcriptase (RT; RNA-dependent DNA nucleotidyltransferase). Under certain conditions of assay, HTLV(CR) RT showed cation preference for Mg(2+) over Mn(2+), distinct from the characteristics of cellular DNA polymerases purified from human lymphocytes and the RT from most type C viruses. Antibodies to cellular DNA polymerase gamma and anti-bodies against RT purified from several animal retroviruses failed to detectably interact with HTLV(CR) RT under conditions that were positive for the respective homologous DNA polymerase, demonstrating a lack of close relationship of HTLV(CR) RT to cellular DNA polymerases gamma or RT of these viruses. Six major proteins, with sizes of approximately 10,000, 13,000, 19,000, 24,000, 42,000, and 52,000 daltons, were apparent when doubly banded, disrupted HTLV(CR) particles were chromatographed on a NaDodSO(4)/polyacrylamide gel. The number of these particle-associated proteins is consistent with the expected proteins of a retrovirus, but the sizes of some are distinct from those of most known retroviruses of the primate subgroups.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Sexual transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I).

            To study the seroprevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in a sexually active population and to determine sexual behavior risk factors for infection. Cross-sectional seroprevalence study using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. Risk-factor data were gathered by administered questionnaire and chart review. Two urban, primary care clinics for persons with sexually transmitted diseases run by the Jamaican Ministry of Health. Of the 2050 consecutive patients presenting with new episodes of sexually transmitted disease, 1977 patients were eligible for analysis. Overall HTLV-I seroprevalence was 5.7%; prevalence increased with age from 1.6% (age, 14 to 19 years) to 5.1% (age, 30 years and older) in men and from 5.3% (age, 14 to 19 years) to 14.1% (age, 30 years and older) in women. Compared with a reference cohort of food service employees, age-adjusted HTLV-I seroprevalence was increased in female patients with sexually transmitted disease (odds ratio = 1.83; CI, 1.41 to 2.83) but not in male patients with sexually transmitted disease. Independent risk factors for HTLV-I infection in women included having had more than ten lifetime sexual partners (odds ratio = 3.52, CI, 1.28 to 9.69) and a current diagnosis of syphilis (odds ratio = 2.12; CI, 1.12 to 3.99). In men, a history of penile sores or ulcers (odds ratio = 2.13; CI, 1.05 to 4.33) and a current diagnosis of syphilis (odds ratio = 3.56; CI, 1.24 to 10.22) were independent risk factors for HTLV-I infection. Of 1977 patients, 5 (0.3%) had antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), including 2 with HTLV-I and HIV-1 coinfection. We conclude that HTLV-I is transmitted from infected men to women during sexual intercourse. Our data are consistent with the lower efficiency of female-to-male sexual transmission of HTLV-I, but penile ulcers or concurrent syphilis may increase a man's risk of infection.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              HIV testing in national population-based surveys: experience from the Demographic and Health Surveys.

              To describe the methods used in the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) to collect nationally representative data on the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and assess the value of such data to country HIV surveillance systems. During 2001-04, national samples of adult women and men in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Dominican Republic, Ghana, Mali, Kenya, United Republic of Tanzania and Zambia were tested for HIV. Dried blood spot samples were collected for HIV testing, following internationally accepted ethical standards. The results for each country are presented by age, sex, and urban versus rural residence. To estimate the effects of non-response, HIV prevalence among non-responding males and females was predicted using multivariate statistical models for those who were tested, with a common set of predictor variables. Rates of HIV testing varied from 70% among Kenyan men to 92% among women in Burkina Faso and Cameroon. Despite large differences in HIV prevalence between the surveys (1-16%), fairly consistent patterns of HIV infection were observed by age, sex and urban versus rural residence, with considerably higher rates in urban areas and in women, especially at younger ages. Analysis of non-response bias indicates that although predicted HIV prevalence tended to be higher in non-tested males and females than in those tested, the overall effects of non-response on the observed national estimates of HIV prevalence are insignificant. Population-based surveys can provide reliable, direct estimates of national and regional HIV seroprevalence among men and women irrespective of pregnancy status. Survey data greatly enhance surveillance systems and the accuracy of national estimates in generalized epidemics.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                moukandja@hotmail.com
                ngoungou2001@yahoo.fr
                guylemamy@yahoo.fr
                ubisvigou@hotmail.fr
                antoine.gessain@pasteur.fr
                fousseyni@yahoo.fr
                mirdad.kazanji@pasteur.fr
                +241 06 25 95 90 , lekana_jb@yahoo.fr
                Journal
                BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
                BMC Pregnancy Childbirth
                BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
                BioMed Central (London )
                1471-2393
                12 June 2017
                12 June 2017
                2017
                : 17
                : 185
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1808 058X, GRID grid.418115.8, Unite de Parasitologie Medicale (UPARAM), , Centre International de Recherches Medicales de Franceville (CIRMF), ; BP 769 Franceville, Gabon
                [2 ]Departement de Parasitologie-Mycologie Medecine Tropicale, Faculte de Medecine, Universite des Sciences de la Sante, BP 4009 Libreville, Gabon
                [3 ]Departement de Sante Publique et de Medecine Legale et du Travail, Faculte de Medecine, Universite des Sciences de la Sante, B P 4009 Libreville, Gabon
                [4 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2353 6535, GRID grid.428999.7, Unite d’Epidemiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogenes, , Institut Pasteur, ; Paris, France
                [5 ]GRID grid.418512.b, , Institut Pasteur de Bangui, ; Bangui, République Centrafricaine
                [6 ]Departement de Biologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire Universite des Sciences de la Sante, B P 4009 Libreville, Gabon
                [7 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1808 058X, GRID grid.418115.8, , Present address:UPARAM, CIRMF, ; B P 769 Franceville, Gabon
                Article
                1362
                10.1186/s12884-017-1362-0
                5469160
                28606185
                2641ca6b-0226-4d2d-a7f2-a1aa2695009b
                © The Author(s). 2017

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                : 5 August 2015
                : 31 May 2017
                Funding
                Funded by: CIRMF-TOTAL GABON
                Award ID: UPARAM
                Categories
                Research Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2017

                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                pregnant women,antenatal care,rubella virus,hiv,htlv1,troponema pallidum,toxoplasma gondii,gabon

                Comments

                Comment on this article