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      Impacto de la pandemia de la COVID-19 en los profesionales de Atención Primaria y propuestas de mejora Translated title: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Primary Care professionals and proposals for betterment

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha supuesto un cambio brusco en el abordaje habitual de la promoción de la salud, la prevención, el tratamiento y la rehabilitación de las enfermedades. La Atención Primaria (AP) ha sufrido un importante impacto debido a la situación de pandemia y sus profesionales han tenido un papel fundamental, al mismo tiempo que tanto su vida profesional como personal han sufrido grandes alteraciones. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer y comprender el impacto de la pandemia en las esferas personales y profesionales de quienes trabajan en AP, así como también analizar y exponer propuestas a nivel organizativo y de atención. Se hizo un estudio cualitativo mediante cuatro grupos focales interdisciplinares en el que participaron 26 profesionales de AP (auxiliares administrativos, técnicos de cuidados auxiliares de enfermería [TCAE], enfermeras y médicas). Para hacer el análisis, se utilizó la metodología de análisis inductivo del contenido a través del método de comparaciones constantes de Glaser y Strauss y el programa informático Atlas Ti. Los cuatro grupos focales se transcribieron, y las citas analizadas se agruparon en trece categorías que se englobaron en cinco metacategorías: impacto de la pandemia en los profesionales, cambios en la atención familiar y comunitaria, repercusión de la pandemia en la población, trabajo en equipo y propuestas de mejora. Como conclusiones se obtuvieron: el miedo de los profesionales en la etapa inicial de la pandemia que se transformó en frustración, cansancio y tristeza en fases posteriores, la ruptura con la AP tradicional, así como diversas propuestas de mejora (empoderamiento del paciente, potenciación de los equipos multidisciplinares…).

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has entailed a sudden change in the usual approach to health promotion, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of diseases. Primary care has undergone a significant impact due to the pandemic situation and its professionals have played an essential role. At the same time both their professional and personal lives have undergone major changes. The aim of the study was to know and understand the impact of the pandemic on the personal and professional spheres of primary care, as well as analyze and present proposals at the organizational and attention level. A qualitative study was performed by means of four interdisciplinary focus groups in which 26 primary care professionals took part (administrative assistants, nursing assistants, nurses and doctors). To perform the analysis, inductive content analysis methodology was used by means of the method of constant comparisons of Glaser and Strauss and Atlas TI computer software. The four focus groups were transcribed, and the citations analyzed were grouped into thirteen categories. They were included in five meta-categories: impact of the pandemic on professionals, changes in family and community care, impact of the pandemic on the population, teamwork and proposals for betterment. Conclusions drawn were the fear felt by professionals at the initial stage of the pandemic, which turned into frustration, tiredness and sadness in later phases, the break with traditional primary care, as well as various proposals for improvement (patient empowerment, enhancement of multi-disciplinary teams, etc.)

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          Most cited references14

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          Estimation of COVID-19 prevalence in Italy, Spain, and France

          At the end of December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appeared in Wuhan city, China. As of April 15, 2020, >1.9 million COVID-19 cases were confirmed worldwide, including >120,000 deaths. There is an urgent need to monitor and predict COVID-19 prevalence to control this spread more effectively. Time series models are significant in predicting the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and taking the necessary measures to respond to this crisis. In this study, Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models were developed to predict the epidemiological trend of COVID-19 prevalence of Italy, Spain, and France, the most affected countries of Europe. The daily prevalence data of COVID-19 from 21 February 2020 to 15 April 2020 were collected from the WHO website. Several ARIMA models were formulated with different ARIMA parameters. ARIMA (0,2,1), ARIMA (1,2,0), and ARIMA (0,2,1) models with the lowest MAPE values (4.7520, 5.8486, and 5.6335) were selected as the best models for Italy, Spain, and France, respectively. This study shows that ARIMA models are suitable for predicting the prevalence of COVID-19 in the future. The results of the analysis can shed light on understanding the trends of the outbreak and give an idea of the epidemiological stage of these regions. Besides, the prediction of COVID-19 prevalence trends of Italy, Spain, and France can help take precautions and policy formulation for this epidemic in other countries.
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            Impact of viral epidemic outbreaks on mental health of healthcare workers: a rapid systematic review and meta-analysis

            Highlights • Healthcare workers are at high risk of mental health problems during viral epidemic outbreaks • This review of 117 studies offers pooled estimations of prevalence of acute stress disorder (40%), followed by anxiety (30%), burnout (28%), depression (24%), and post-traumatic stress disorder (13%). • It identifies a number of factors (sociodemographic, occupational and social) associated with mental health problems. • Interventional high-quality research is urgently needed to inform evidence-based policies for viral pandemics.
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              Mental Health Disorders in Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications and Coping Strategies

              Nurses caring for patients who contract coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have experienced significant traumas in the form of increased workloads, negative patient outcomes, and less social support system access. Nurses should be provided with information regarding early detection, coping skills and treatment for anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSS)/post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other mental health disorders. Early intervention is important as mental health disorders can cause dysfunction, internal suffering, and in the most extreme situations, lead to death if not properly cared for. Healthcare corporations should consider providing coverage for mental health treatment for employees who experience COVID-19 traumas. With the implementation of healthy coping skills and therapeutic intervention, nurses will be able to let go of the negative impacts that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused and reintegrate into their roles as caring and entrusted health care providers. The current paper evaluates the mental health disorders encountered by nurses in the COVID-19 era based on the current medical literature and aims to provide practical coping strategies.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                comunidad
                Comunidad
                Comunidad
                Sociedad Española de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                2339-7896
                October 2023
                : 25
                : 2
                : 29-35
                Affiliations
                [2] orgnameSACYL orgdiv1Atención Primaria de Burgos España
                [3] Araba orgnameUnidad Docente Multiprofesional de Atención Familiar y Comunitaria de Araba España
                [1] Araba orgnameOSI Araba España
                Article
                S2339-78962023000200002 S2339-7896(23)02500200002
                10.55783/comunidad.250202
                265997c2-e04c-4423-bc6e-180efa77b6e1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 April 2023
                : 02 November 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 14, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                Primary Healthcare,investigación cualitativa,investigación interdisciplinar,pandemia,Atención Primaria,Qualitative Research,Pandemic,Interdisciplinary Research

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