Los desafíos de la enseñanza de pediatría ambulatoria en el contexto del Chile actual

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Abstract

La orientación de la enseñanza y ejercicio de pediatría debe responder a las necesidades de salud de la población y políticas del país. Los nuevos programas de formación de especialistas en pediatría recomiendan mayor énfasis a aspectos preventivos y sociales, “nueva morbilidad”, adolescencia, el niño sano y con necesidades especiales; teniendo como eje el crecimiento, desarrollo y comportamiento normal y sus desviaciones. El objetivo del presente ensayo es reflexionar sobre los desafíos y problemas que enfrenta la enseñanza de la Pediatría ambulatoria, desde la perspectiva de la transición epidemiológica y biodemográfica, la reforma de salud y el proyecto de desarrollo estratégico de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Chile

Translated abstract

The orientation of medical education and practice in pediatrics should aim to fulfill the country's needs and health policies. The new pediatric residency programs attempt to emphasize preventive and social aspects, such as “new morbidity”, adolescence, well child, care of children with special needs, normal growth, development, behavior and their deviations like the backbone. The goal of this essay is to reflect the challenges and problems that education in ambulatory pediatrics faces. They are analyzed from the perspective of epidemiologic and biodemographic transition, health care reform, and the University of Chile's Medical School project of strategic development

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The variable influence of lifestyle and income on medical students' career specialty choices: data from two U.S. medical schools, 1998-2004.

Dale A Newton, Martha S Grayson, Lori Foster Thompson (2005)

Recent reports on medical students' career choices suggest that lifestyle increasingly influences career decisions. The authors addressed the changing influence of lifestyle and income on career choice, how these influences differ by specialty, and the specific careers students identify as lifestyle friendly. From 1998 to 2004, 1,334 (73%) fourth-year medical students from Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University (no. = 485 graduates) and New York Medical College (no. = 1,348 graduates) completed a questionnaire that addressed career specialty preferences, as well as income and lifestyle concerns. Students were asked to rate career choice influences on a four-point scale (1 = no influence, 4 = major influence). Factor analysis of these influences identified seven factors including one each for lifestyle and income. A total of 1,327 students indicated a career preference. Lifestyle (p = .018) and income (p = .011) were found to increasingly influence medical students' career choices during the study period. Overall, the authors found significant differences between specialties in the relative contribution of these factors. Students' perceptions of specialties existed on a continuum of lifestyle friendly (e.g., radiology) to lifestyle unfriendly (e.g., obstetrics-gynecology). Contrary to previous reports, the students' responses indicate they perceived the primary care specialties as lifestyle intermediate compared to other specialties. Lifestyle and income have become more important to medical students in their career choice, and the relative influence of these factors varies considerably between specialties. This study suggests that previous efforts to dichotomize careers into those with controllable and uncontrollable lifestyles may mask important complexities.

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PROMOCIÓN DE LA SALUD EN CHILE

Judith Salinas C, Fernando Vio del R (2002)

Este artículo describe la racionalidad, organización y principales avances de la Promoción de Salud como política pública en Chile. De acuerdo con los cambios producidos en la transición epidemiológica y nutricional, el Ministerio de Salud readecuó las políticas basadas en lo materno-infantil a nuevas prioridades: enfermedades cardiovasculares, cáncer, accidentes y problemas de salud mental. Los principales factores condicionantes para estos problemas son la alimentación y nutrición, actividad física, tabaco, factores psico-sociales y ambientales. Para enfrentar estos factores se estableció un plan estratégico con metas para el período 2000-2010 y se creó el Consejo Nacional para la Promoción de Salud o VIDA CHILE constituido por 25 organizaciones gubernamentales, descentralizado a 12 Regiones y 308 municipios. Se desarrollaron estrategias para cada uno de los factores condicionantes, las que están siendo implementadas en el nivel local en establecimientos educacionales pre-escolares y escolares, lugares de trabajo y municipios. Los principales logros han sido el contar con un modelo de promoción de Salud descentralizado con programas y proyectos que se desarrollan en todo el país, con objetivos y metas precisas y una línea de base para evaluar los avances, que se efectuó en noviembre 2000. Los principales desafíos para el futuro son la incorporación plena de la promoción en todas las actividades del sector salud, el fortalecimiento de los vínculos entre las instituciones que componen VIDA CHILE y superar dilemas, como son los supuestos antagonismos entre promoción y prevención de salud, investigación científica y ciencias sociales y entre sector público y privado

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El cambio de la práctica médica.: Desafíos psicosociales para la profesión

N Horwitz (2004)

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): rcp

Title: Revista chilena de pediatría

Abbreviated Title: Rev. chil. pediatr.

Publisher: Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría (Santiago, , Chile )

ISSN (Print): 0370-4106

Publication date (Print and electronic): August 2006

Volume: 77

Issue: 4

Pages: 405-411

Affiliations

[01] orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Campus Norte orgdiv2Departamento de Pediatría y Cirugía Infantil Chile

Article

Publisher ID: S0370-41062006000400012 Publisher ID: S0370-4106(06)07700400012

DOI: 10.4067/S0370-41062006000400012

SO-VID: 26b08f66-fe21-43d6-acda-8e770bd40556

License:

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

History

Date received : 29 May 2006

Date accepted : 31 July 2006

Date revision received : 13 July 2006

Page count

Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 7

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SciELO Chile

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Los desafíos de la enseñanza de pediatría ambulatoria en el contexto del Chile actual Translated title: Challenges in ambulatory pediatric education in Chile

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