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      Existe Alteração em Marcadores Inflamatórios em Estudantes de Medicina após Participação em Programa Mente-Corpo? Translated title: Is There Any Change in Inflammatory Markers in Medical Students after Participating in a Mind-Body Program?

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          Abstract

          RESUMO Introdução Estudantes do curso de Medicina estão expostos a carga elevada de estresse, desencadeada por terem que lidar com adoecimento e morte dos pacientes, extensa carga horária, privação de sono, competitividade, cobrança, responsabilidade e medo de errar, entre outros fatores. Algumas técnicas e práticas como a meditação têm sido utilizadas para auxiliar no manejo e redução de estresse, já sendo utilizadas em escolas médicas. O estresse pode ativar componentes do sistema inflamatório, desencadeando uma série de doenças. As desordens causadas pelo estresse podem ser mensuradas por meio de marcadores sorológicos, sendo que os biológicos são os principais utilizados. Objetivo Avaliar os efeitos de um programa de práticas mente-corpo, Redução de Estresse e Desenvolvimento da Empatia na Medicina (Redemed©), nos níveis dos marcadores pró- e anti-inflamatórios de estudantes de medicina. Metodologia Trata-se de um estudo quase-experimental, composto por 86 estudantes, sendo 44 do grupo intervenção, que participaram do programa Redemed© com oito encontros semanais, englobando técnicas de meditação e exercícios de vivências interpessoais, e 42 estudantes do grupo controle. Ambos os grupos, antes e após o curso, coletaram sangue para análise dos marcadores: proteína C reativa (PCR), fator de necrose tumoral-alfa (TNF-alfa), interleucina 06 (IL06) e interleucina 10 (IL10). Resultados Neste estudo, não foi observada alteração estatisticamente significativa nas citocinas pró-inflamatórias: PCR, TNF-α e IL06. No entanto, a IL-10, que é uma citocina anti-inflamatória, apresentou uma variação positiva e estatisticamente significativa (p: 0,009). Ela tem sido utilizada em estudos com práticas integrativas e complementares a fim de demonstrar seus benefícios. Conclusão O programa Redemed© parece beneficiar os estudantes de Medicina por meio da modulação inflamatória e como grupo de acolhimento no qual eles puderam compartilhar seu estresse e treinar estratégias de enfrentamento. Este estudo, mesmo não tendo encontrado diferença estatística significativa nos marcadores pesquisados, com exceção da IL10, traz à tona este tema importante do grande estresse vivenciado por estudantes de Medicina e a necessidade de as escolas médicas terem maior cuidado com seus alunos, acolhendo e trabalhando o estresse desses estudantes de forma a reduzir e gerenciar melhor este fator de adoecimento em suas vidas.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction Medical students are exposed to high stress levels, triggered by having to deal with their illness and death of their patients, extensive workloads, sleep deprivation, competition, having to fulfil demanding duties, responsibility, and fear of making mistakes, among other factors. Some techniques and practices, such as meditation, are used in medical schools to help manage and reduce stress. Stress can activate components of the inflammatory system, triggering a series of pathologies. The disorders caused by stress can be measured by means of serological markers, with biological markers being the main ones used. Objective. To evaluate the effects of a program of mind-body practices, Reduction of Stress and Development of Empathy in Medicine (REDEMED ©), on pro- and anti-inflammatory markers of medical students. Methodology This is a quasi-experimental study, composed of 86 students: 44 in the intervention group, who participated in the REDMED© program with eight-weekly meetings that included meditation techniques and exercises of interpersonal experiences, and 42 students in the control group. Before and after the course, blood was collected from both groups for analysis of the markers: C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL06) and interleukin-10 (IL10). Results No statistically significant changes were observed in the proinflammatory cytokines CRP, TNF-α and IL06. However, IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, showed a positive and statistically significant variation (p: 0.009). It has been used in studies with integrative and complementary practices to demonstrate its benefits. Conclusion The REDEMED© program seems to benefit medical students through inflammatory modulation and as a group that provides a forum to share their stress and receive coaching in coping strategies. This study, even though it did not find a statistically significant difference in the markers studied, with the exception of IL10, raises the important theme of the high levels of stress that medical students experience, and the need for medical schools to take greater care of their students, addressing stress in order better manage it in their own lives.

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          Most cited references24

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          Role of Interleukin 10 Transcriptional Regulation in Inflammation and Autoimmune Disease

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            Inflammation: The Common Pathway of Stress-Related Diseases

            While modernization has dramatically increased lifespan, it has also witnessed that the nature of stress has changed dramatically. Chronic stress result failures of homeostasis thus lead to various diseases such as atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and depression. However, while 75%–90% of human diseases is related to the activation of stress system, the common pathways between stress exposure and pathophysiological processes underlying disease is still debatable. Chronic inflammation is an essential component of chronic diseases. Additionally, accumulating evidence suggested that excessive inflammation plays critical roles in the pathophysiology of the stress-related diseases, yet the basis for this connection is not fully understood. Here we discuss the role of inflammation in stress-induced diseases and suggest a common pathway for stress-related diseases that is based on chronic mild inflammation. This framework highlights the fundamental impact of inflammation mechanisms and provides a new perspective on the prevention and treatment of stress-related diseases.
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              Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction training reduces loneliness and pro-inflammatory gene expression in older adults: a small randomized controlled trial.

              Lonely older adults have increased expression of pro-inflammatory genes as well as increased risk for morbidity and mortality. Previous behavioral treatments have attempted to reduce loneliness and its concomitant health risks, but have had limited success. The present study tested whether the 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program (compared to a Wait-List control group) reduces loneliness and downregulates loneliness-related pro-inflammatory gene expression in older adults (N = 40). Consistent with study predictions, mixed effect linear models indicated that the MBSR program reduced loneliness, compared to small increases in loneliness in the control group (treatment condition × time interaction: F(1,35) = 7.86, p = .008). Moreover, at baseline, there was an association between reported loneliness and upregulated pro-inflammatory NF-κB-related gene expression in circulating leukocytes, and MBSR downregulated this NF-κB-associated gene expression profile at post-treatment. Finally, there was a trend for MBSR to reduce C Reactive Protein (treatment condition × time interaction: (F(1,33) = 3.39, p = .075). This work provides an initial indication that MBSR may be a novel treatment approach for reducing loneliness and related pro-inflammatory gene expression in older adults. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbem
                Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica
                Rev. bras. educ. med.
                Associação Brasileira de Educação Médica (Brasília, DF, Brazil )
                0100-5502
                1981-5271
                June 2019
                : 43
                : 2
                : 79-86
                Affiliations
                [1] Botucatu orgnameUniversidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [2] São Paulo São Paulo orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S0100-55022019000200079
                10.1590/1981-52712015v43n2rb20180205
                274dfc88-cc4e-4ed9-b127-1c0cecf32320

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 November 2018
                : 09 November 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigo Original

                Medical education,Medical students,Stress,Inflammatory markers,Meditation,Educação médica,Estudantes de medicina,Estresse,Marcadores inflamatórios,Meditação

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